Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 5-10% of reproductive age women and it is a common cause of infertility in young women. Most of the infertile women with PCOS are overweight or obese. Obesity or excess fat aggravates the endocrine and metabolic dysfunction in women with PCOS. Weight management is the first line measure advised to infertile PCOS women who are overweight or obese. The objective of the study was to explore the association of obesity with the clinical, endocrine and metabolic parameters in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome in Bangladesh. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study of 126 consecutive infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome attending the Infertility unit of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from January 2017 to December 2017.Obesity groups were defined by BMI thresholds specific for the South Asian population. Results: The mean body mass index (BMI) was 26.58±3.18 kg/m2and mean waist circumference was 91.07±9.5 cm. There was highly significant association of obesity with waist circumference and fasting insulin. BMI at or above 25kg/m2 was significantly associated with acanthosis nigricans, hyperandrogenemia and hyperinsulinemia, whereas BMI at or more than 23kg/m2 was significantly associated, in addition, with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Obesity is associated with hyperandrogenemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.864-870

Background: Seropositivity of Chlamydia trachomatis in men is suggestive of chronic and recurrent infection with this sexually transmitted organism. Most males with urogenital Chlamydia infection have serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to C. trachomatis that persist for years. Serologic studies linking C. trachomatis to male infertility and sperm quality lead to highly variable results. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of Chlamydia infection, as determined by Chlamydia seropositivity on semen quality.Methods: One hundred men having semen analysis as part of infertility work up had anti-Chlamydia antibody test. They were grouped into those who are seropositive for Chlamydia antibody IgG and those who were not. The sperm parameters and prevalence of different semen abnormalities were compared between the two groups, Chlamydia positive and Chlamydia negative.Results: There are no significant difference in semen parameters and prevalence of different semen abnormalities between the two groups. The sonographical finding of epididymal cyst is 45.8% in Chlamydia positive compared to 12.2% in Chlamydia negative; the difference is significant.Conclusions: Seropositivity of Chlamydia infection in infertile male is not predictive of semen abnormalities. Serological screening of the male partner for Chlamydia trachomatis provides no more benefit than identifying the female partner at risk of tubal factor infertility and males at risk of epididymal obstruction.

<p><strong>Background:</strong> When a pregnant woman gets rubella infection in early months of pregnancy, there is risk of severe and multiple fetal defects ( congenital rubella syndrome), abortion and stillbirth. Screening of reproductive age women for susceptibility to rubella infection and vaccinating them can prevent this situation.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> The objective of the study was to find out the proportion of infertile women who are seronegative for rubella infection and to assess the need for vaccination against rubella before pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> The observational study included three hundred and eighty infertile women who had their venous blood tested for anti-rubella antibodies as part ofpreconceptional preparation. Data was analyzed to estimate seronegativity and the need for vaccination.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 55 (14.4%) women were seron­egative for rubella and had to be vaccinated. The seronegativity decreased with age . The proportion of seronegativity was higher in those women who were professionals, had higher level of education and monthly income.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> A significant proporion of women in reproductive age does not acquire natural immunity against rubella and needs vacci­nation before pregnancy.</p>

The objective of this study is to explore how hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance relate to the clinical, endocrine and metabolic factors in the infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. This study was conducted on 121 consecutive infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome attending the Infertility unit from January 2017 to December 2017. They were divided into two groups: insulin resistant and insulin sensitive. There was significant difference in body mass index and waist circumference between the two groups. Serum lipids were not associated with insulin resistance. Hyperinsulinemia was significantly associated with metabolic syndrome. Reducing body mass index and waist circumference may improve insulin resistance in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Screening the infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome for hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance and subsequent counseling is recommended to address the long-term risks of metabolic syndrome.

Peripartum Cardiomyopathy in association with Diabetes mellitus and Thyroid storm is an extremely rare. Here we describe a young aged Bangladeshi lady, who admitted with progressive breathlessness, high grade intermittent fever, productive cough and altered level of consciousness in Coronary Care Unit. She was a diagnosed case of Diabetes Mellitus and Graves ’ disease but during her last pregnancy the patient voluntarily stopped taking anti-thyroid medication and delivered a healthy male baby through LUCS (two months before admission). After thorough clinical evaluation and laboratory investigations she was diagnosed as having Peripartum Cardiomyopathy, Thyroid Storm, Pneumonia and Metabolic Acidosis. Her condition improved by closely monitored therapy guided by team consisting of Cardiologists, Endocrinologists, Pulmonologists and Gynecologists. There are very few reports in the world which have depicted this unusual association.Bangladesh Heart Journal 2015; 30(2) : 87-91