Background: Heart failure is a clinical syndrome with shortness of breath, fluid retention, and the heart's structural and functional disorder. Each year, there were 7,2 cases every 1000 people on male and 4,7 cases every 1000 people on the female. Aortic dissection is an emergency disease in which the symptoms are similar to ischemic heart disease, that 38% of patients got misdiagnosed on the first evaluations. Because of the clinical course of heart failure and misdiagnosed aortic dissection that frequently happened, authors are interested in making a case report with both conditions.Case report: A male patient, 39 years old, complained of shortness of breath and epigastrium pain. The patient was diagnosed with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) profile B with emergency hypertension and suspected aortic dissection based on history and physical examination. The patient was also diagnosed with acute kidney injury stage 1. CT angiography showed widening of the aorta ascending until arcus aorta with a Stanford type A aortic dissection diagnosis.Conclusion: The condition of aortic dissection can coincide with acute heart failure. Therefore, a clinician must be aware of the emergency of dissection and know the initial symptoms of dissection. The typical clinical symptoms of dissection lead us to perform imaging studies that ultimately lead to a thoracoabdominal CTA to diagnose the dissection.

Considered as a minority, the LGBTQ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer) community including homosexual males is more prone to mental distress. Studies on prevalence stated that sexual orientation minorities are susceptible to inept mental health outcomes, and the rate of anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and psychotic illness is twice higher in gay and bisexual men rather than in heterosexuals. Along with that, several investigations found similarity between structural features in the brain of schizophrenic patients and homosexual males. This study intends to analyze the male homosexuality as a potential risk factor for schizophrenia. According to MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) findings, brain structures similarity is found between schizophrenic patients and homosexual men specifically on the thalamic grey matter volume and cortical thickness of the brain. Both schizophrenic patients and homosexual males exhibit reduced grey matter volume in the thalamus region, meanwhile schizophrenic patients have lower grey matter volume in the left putamen and homosexual males showed higher left putamen grey matter volume compared to heterosexual individuals. The cortex of schizophrenic patients is thinner in left orbitofrontal, right parahippocampal, and superior temporal area, resembling to thinner cortex in the right lateral orbitofrontal regions and regions in the visual cortex of homosexual males. Based on the reviewed journals, male homosexuality can be a potential risk factor for schizophrenia considering their correlation in neurodevelopmental deviations. Nevertheless, further investigations are needed regarding other factors and pathways causing such structural brain changes in both conditions. Keywords: grey matter, homosexual, neurodevelopmental, schizophrenia