Objectives: The prevalence of acne vulgaris (AV) among adolescents in Kuwait has remained mostly unknown. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of AV and its predictors among adolescents in Kuwait. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 714 participants who were randomly selected from public schools using multistage cluster random sampling. The presence or absence of AV, as well as severity of AV, were assessed using the Global Acne Grading Scale. Data on risk factors and potential confounders were collected from the parents through a self-administered questionnaire, and from the adolescents by face-to-face interview. Weight and height were measured in a standardized manner. Results: Of 714 participants, 320 (44.8%; 95% CI 41.1–48.6%) self-reported AV. By clinical examination, AV was found among 479 (67.1%; 95% CI 63.5–70.5%) participants. Factors that were found to be significantly associated with AV in multivariable analysis were age, gender, nationality, and BMI categories. Females compared to males (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR] 1.16 [95% CI 1.05–1.25]; p = 0.006) and overweight or obese adolescents compared to normal weight (APR 1.15 [95% CI 1.02–1.26] and 1.14 [95% CI 1.02–1.23], respectively; p = 0.026) were more likely to have AV. None of the food items studied showed an association with AV in multivariable analysis. Conclusion: The prevalence of self-reported AV seems to be lower than that reported in other settings, while the prevalence of AV by clinical examination resembles that reported in many other countries. BMI was the only modifiable risk factor associated with AV in multivariable analysis, and none of the food items studied was related to the presence or absence of AV in multivariable analysis.

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Humanity has witnessed in the past and continues to witness many devastating wars, which showed the weakness of the urban heritage in front of the destructive power of weapons and wars. With the disappearance of several archaeological buildings after the Second World War, the human being started to realize the importance of the local identity and worried about it from dissolution. This issue has emerged as a conflict that witnessed bloody wars and armed conflicts starting with the world war I and world war II, as well as many other civil wars that occurred in different countries in the world either for national or religious community divisions. Those wars have often led, at the cultural level, to a partial or entire destruction in the areas of conflict, the loot of heritage pieces and the burning of libraries. However, it is clear that the urbanized heritage is represented by the local heritage buildings, which are the product of human thought and culture and the conservation of the urban heritage has thus become a human historic responsibility. The importance of this research is represented for the urgent need to define the general guidelines for the reconstruction of Mosuli houses after the recent war. It is decided in order to create a local architectural identity that expresses the zeitgeist and achieves continuity with the heritage and local history of the city of Mosul, rich in heritage and history. So, this has created the research problem (Identifying strategies for redesigning and reconstruction the Mosuli house after Isis war). The research assumes that the application of local heritage elements will achieve a featured local identity for the houses to be reconstructed after the war. The aim of the research is to guide the strategies of re-implementation and reconstruction in order to preserve the local identity. To approach these goals, some experiences of other countries in the rehabilitation of cities after wars were mentioned, as well as some local architectural concepts related to post-war reconstruction were reviewed. Then, after that come up with a strategy that organizes reconstruction process. This study was mainly based on the analytical approach of several Mosuli houses to achieve the optimal strategy for the reconstruction of the Mosuli house post-war and also to obtain best possible outcomes regarding the local architectural identity of the city of Mosul.

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease of unknown aetiology with a classic histology of non-caseating granulomas. It most often occurs in those below the age of 50 years, and has a female preponderance. The main targets, often symptomless, are the lung and hilar lymph nodes, although liver involvement is not uncommon. Hepatic sarcoidosis encompasses a broad spectrum of presentations, from asymptomatic hepatic granulomas with slight liver function test derangement to severe liver involvement with cholestasis, advanced liver cirrhosis or chronic liver failure. Mortality due to acute liver failure is far less common than lung and heart involvement. We describe a case of fulminant liver failure with multiorgan failure presenting initially with chronic non-specific symptoms, in addition to minimal abnormal investigations such as mild anaemia, neutrophil leucocytosis and mild obstructive liver dysfunction. Presenting features included confusion, hypotension, oliguria and rapidly deteriorating liver function with severe lactic acidosis. Postmortem examination confirmed extensive systemic sarcoidosis.