Rework is one of the most commonly encountered issues that face construction projects, leading to potential loss of money and delays. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential role of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in reducing Client-Related Rework (CRR) when set within the context of fast-track construction projects in Egypt. In order to study this issue survey data was collected from 51 construction professionals within the Egyptian private construction sector with experience in fast-track projects through a self-administered questionnaire composed of fourteen closed and open-ended subgroup of questions, whose aim is to gain an understanding of the main sources of CRR in the industry. The survey results revealed that the majority of the respondents (92.1%) had experienced CRR in construction projects, resulting in an average project cost increase of 22% and an average delay of 23%, as well as formulating the basis for a novel Severity Index (SI), which was devised in order to rank CRR causes, with its finding revealing "Clients' financial problems", "Impediment in prompting the decision making of the client" and "Replacement of materials by the client", as the biggest contributors to CRR. The survey also highlights visualization as a potential solution to CRR, with eight case studies from literature as well as one from the Egyptian market being used to validate the use of BIM in the reduction of CRR. Findings illustrated that the use of BIM in the Egypt is similar to findings in literature, with BIM resulting in rework cost and schedule reduction of 49 and 57 percent respectively.

Removing fluid from a wellbore column, allowing a well to flow initially, or bringing a previous well back online, nitrogen lifting is commonly used in north Iraq wells. Due to the inability of coiled tubing units to be delivered on time and their high cost, operators are forced to seek for an alternative method of unloading drilling fluid. A hydraulic Jet Pump is a technology used to complete the task. A newly drilled well DB-H was chosen, and the drilling fluid volume calculated was 12,000 bbl. to pump to the surface and begin production, assuming nonstop operation between unloading and producing. The deployment of the hydraulic lift Jet Pump for both stages was planned. Well data from the operator was collected, the process design was initiated, and Jet Evaluation Modeling Software (JEMS) was used to run the design models. A Proper pump size was set up based on available data to meet operator expectations. A Reverse Circulating Jet Pump (RCJP) was chosen to be installed inside a Sliding Sleeve Door (SSD) at a depth of 2,450 ft using a slickline. injecting power fluid with a discharge pressure of 1,500 psi and a flow rate of 1.11 bbl per minute through the casing-tubing annulus and getting the return from 3.5-in tubing. Cleanup process, and production achieved in one run time. Within the first three days of operation, the well had produced double than expected. The operating parameters of the surface unit were adjusted and well tested. Data acquisitions consisted of collecting samples to read the properties of oil and fluids. After ten days of continuous well offloading and producing, the operator decided to pull out the downhole memory gauge to collect real data and see how the well performance behavior changed with the jet pump operating. New data was gathered, and the jet pump operation was resumed. Operating parameters were tuned to achieve the production target (at 1,700 psi injection pressure and 1,690 BPD injection rate), and the net return was 1,300 BPD with 0.4 percent BSW. This paper explains in detail the operation that saved the operator money and time by using an artificial lift to produce hydrocarbon from a specific well, which saved USD 300,000 at an early stage of cleanup and unloading the well. Increased production by 100 percent, generating $USD 3.5 million in monthly revenue in the production stage with the minimal cost of lifting.

The year 2020 has been challenging for the whole world due to the COVID pandemic. The unprecedented impacts of the world's recent lockdown and volatility of oil and gas markets tested the leadership and resilience of business models and repositioned strategies that will shape the industry for the next decade. Business survival has become critical during these unprecedented times, especially in the energy industry which has taken a significant hit due to the oil price fall and supply gluts. Existing plans are under observation, as it is vital to identify more efficient approaches and solutions for building future business resilience. Modern technologies can be used to support energy transition. The surface jet pump is one of the newest technologies that help lower the wellhead pressure of the well. It also reduces back pressure on the well. Thus, it enhances the flow rate. Additionally, the surface jet pump overcomes the flow line pressure into the existing pressurized flow lines without creating back pressure on the reservoirs. This technology can be utilized for many applications, including well-bore cleanup after completions, de-liquefying gas wells, producing heavy, viscous, or corrosive liquids, producing CO2 and natural gas wells. This paper is about the successful installation of the first-ever surface jet pump in the country. The pump was deployed in the Northern Iraq region to reduce the backpressure on the wells caused by the central production facility. The pump parameters were designed on Jet Evaluation and Modeling Software (JEMS) and 13G was selected as the optimum nozzle and throat combination for this project. The pump worked successfully, and the wellhead increased from 310 to 355 psi. And gross production from a single well was increased to around 850 BPD from 550 BPD generating about 0.4 Million USD/Month additional revenue. With the long-term impact of the recent pandemic on the energy market, it's clear that companies are more focused than ever on picking the best solutions to ensure the long-term viability and survival of their operations. The surface jet pump is one of the technological advancements for such solutions that have been successfully tested at this location. This paper goes on the technicalities of the technology and project.

While the oil and gas sector is facing one of its most significant slumps, producers have moved their focus in optimizing production of their existing wells rather than drilling new wells. Artificial Lift Systems (ALS) have played a significant part in optimizing and enhancing the production of existing assets. The primary scope of ALS is to maximize productivity; however, there are many such systems applicable, the selection of the most suitable lift system plays a vital role in cost optimization of the well. A primary type of ALS is hydraulic lift, which has been recently applied successfully in north Iraq. A special form of hydraulic lift is the jet pump. This technology has proved to be one of the best lift types for the operator in the region, with the unique concept of no moving parts inside the downhole pump, which has dramatically reduced downtime and the need to move a workover rig to the well site. A jet pump can be installed in a well using a variety of techniques, depending upon the well completion and can be customized easily depending upon downhole conditions. However, if one does not monitor the operation and working parameters continuously, the performance of a jet pump will be reduced as well conditions change. A jet pump was optimized as a test project for a well which was not producing naturally. This study was based on a variety of operational conditions of the well, such as injection parameters, flow restrictions and paths, surface pumping unit power, nozzle throat combinations, vessel operating pressures, and the productivity of nearby wells to calculate the reservoir potential. The evaluation, analysis, and design of a jet pump for this well were carried out on Jet Pump Evaluation and Modeling Software (JEMS). The most suitable nozzle throat combination for this well was 10D, which was used successfully to lift production to approximately 2,000 bpd. This study describes the process and gives the results for successfully reviving production in a well with hydraulic lift. It also depicts the improvements of the optimized input power for each well depending upon the design selected. In the end, a methodology towards the selection of the best design and operating parameters of the jet pump for the mentioned well is discussed. The installation, types, and operation of the jet pump system are discussed in detail for a proper understanding of the lift method.

As the industry rebounds from recent pricing challenges, operators are searching for methods during each stage of their well—from drilling to production—to make the field more economical without compromising safety, health and quality. This paper describes a different method for offloading a newly drilled well. In 2017, a well drilled in north Iraq targeted five productive zones. This directional well had a good potential to flow from upper zones which were producing around 3,000 BPD cumulative production. To get production from the upper four zones, conventional coiled tubing (CT) was utilized, and the well started to flow after lifting the drilling fluids. After testing the upper zones, the operator planned to evaluate the lower zone for the production. The well completion had sliding sleeve doors (SSD) and was installed for every zone separately. This well used a jet pump for offloading fluids from the last zone. The upper four zones were plugged using the SSD, so only the last zone was open for flow. A jet pump was designed using jet evaluation and modelling software (JEMS). The design was based on the optimum size of the nozzle and throat selected for the lowest zone. A downhole jet pump was modified, based on the existing SSD, and installed in the well using slickline. High-pressure power fluid was injected into the well from the annulus and returns were taken from the tubing. The well was successfully offloaded using the jet pump. The well was then tested for production using the same jet pump system, which resulted in around 1,300 BPD production. Jet pump systems require critical observation and proper understanding of the system for this kind of application. The well was economically offloaded using a jet pump system. This method saved a significant amount of time and money for the operator. Additionally, the jet pump system can be easily installed, designed and modified as per well and completion specifications. The nozzle throat combination can be changed on-site, depending on production results. The installation and operation procedure will be explained in detail for a comprehensive understanding of the system.