The oldest postglacial lapilli–ash tephra recognized in sedimentary records surrounding Mount Rainier (Washington State, USA) is R tephra, a very early Holocene deposit that acts as an important stratigraphic and geochronologic marker bed. This multidisciplinary study incorporates tephrostratigraphy, radiocarbon dating, petrography, and electron microprobe analysis to characterize R tephra. Tephra samples were collected from Tipsoo Lake and a stream-cut exposure in the Cowlitz Divide area of Mount Rainier National Park. Field evidence from 25 new sites suggests that R tephra locally contains internal bedding and has a wider distribution than previously reported. Herein, we provide the first robust suite of geochemical data that characterize the tephra. Glass compositions are heterogeneous, predominantly ranging from andesite to rhyolite in ash- to lapilli-sized clasts. The mineral assemblage consists of plagioclase, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, and magnetite with trace apatite and ilmenite. Subaerial R tephra deposits appear more weathered in hand sample than subaqueous deposits, but weathering indices suggest negligible chemical weathering in both deposits. Statistical analysis of radiocarbon ages provides a median age for R tephra of ∼10 050 cal years BP, and a 2σ error range between 9960 and 10 130 cal years BP.
Elevated levels of uranium that surpass maximum allowable concentrations have been recognized in some well water samples throughout Nova Scotia. In this study we examine the influence of redox conditions and regional geology on the mobility of uranium in groundwater in the Grand Pré region, located in the eastern end of the Annapolis-Cornwallis Valley in southwestern Nova Scotia. The study site is underlain by carbon-rich shale and arkosic sandstone of the Late Mississippian Horton Bluff Formation and the arenaceous sandstone of the Triassic Wolfville Formation. Water samples from drilled wells were analyzed on site for various water quality parameters (pH, conductivity, temperature, dissolved oxygen) and in the laboratory to determine alkalinity and cation (72) and major anion (9) , whereas groundwater containing high concentrations of U is found primary in oxidizing environments in quartz arenite sandstone units in the Wolfville Formation.Consumption of groundwater in the Grand Pré region may pose a health risk; however, the level of risk remains unknown. This study emphasizes that in the area of Grand Pré, water that is considered aesthetically undesirable (containing high Fe and Mn) may pose less of a health risk (low U) than waters that are aesthetically pleasing.A model for uranium mobility in groundwater in the Grand Pré region, Nova Scotia, Canada ABSTRACT RÉSUMÉDes niveaux élevés d'uranium qui dépassent les concentrations maximales admises ont été détectés dans certains échantillons d' eau de puits en Nouvelle Écosse. Dans cette étude, nous examinons les effets de la réduction-oxydation et de la géologie régionale sur la mobilité de l'uranium dans l' eau souterraine de la région de Grand Pré, dans l' extrémité est de la vallée d' Annapolis-Cornwallis, dans le sud ouest de la Nouvelle Écosse. Le site étudié repose sur du schiste charbonneux et du grès arkosique de la Formation de Horton Bluff, du Mississippien tardif, et sur du grès arénacé de la Formation de Wolfville, du Trias. Les échantillons d' eau de puits creusés ont été analysés sur place pour ce qui est de divers paramètres de qualité de l' eau (pH, conductivité, température, oxygène dissous) et des analyses ont eu lieu en laboratoire pour établir l'alcalinité et les concentrations de cations (72) et de principaux anions (9).Plusieurs échantillons dépassaient les limites permises par Santé Canada (2011), en ce qui concerne la teneur en uranium (20 μg/L), certaines teneurs ayant atteint 50,8 μg/L. Il en allait de même en ce qui concerne les critères esthétiques pour le fer (des teneurs ayant atteint 605 μg/L), le manganèse (des teneurs ayant atteint 2,28 mg/L) et d'autres cations. Les données indiquent que divers phénomènes de réduction-oxydation surviennent dans le secteur étudié. Le contexte géospatial des données chimiques porte à croire que la lithologie de la couche aquifère sous jacente exerce une forte influence sur la disponibilité de l'uranium dans l' eau souterraine. L' eau souterraine qui a subi une réduction dans le grès de Horton B...
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