Fourteen species of Carabidae are added to Prince Edward Island’s (P.E.I.) faunal list, bringing the known fauna to 167 species. Bembidion nitidum (Kirby) and Bembidion obtusum Audinet-Serville are newly recorded for the Maritime Provinces. Six species are removed from P.E.I.’s faunal list. The history of collecting of Carabidae on P.E.I. is briefly recounted. Despite differences in land area and distance from the mainland between P.E.I., Cape Breton Island, and insular Newfoundland, their carabid faunas exhibit many similarities in size and composition. The native carabid fauna of P.E.I. comprises 49% of the species in the combined Maritime Provinces fauna, perhaps reflecting an island-related diminution of species diversity. The proportion of flightless species on P.E.I. (4.9%) is less than that in the Maritime Provinces as a whole (7.1%), an apparent indication that the Northumberland Strait has been a barrier to colonization. Twenty-seven introduced species are found on P.E.I., 26 of which can be classified as synanthropic and may have originated in dry-ballast quarries in southwestern England. Although the earliest dates of detection of many introduced species on P.E.I. are substantially later than elsewhere in the Maritimes, this reflects the paucity of early collecting. Land-management practices on P.E.I. (large-scale and early forest clearances, intensive agriculture, and the extensive use of biocides) may have had an impact on P.E.I.’s carabid fauna.

The long-horned beetles (Cerambycidae) of Prince Edward Island are surveyed. Records of 28 species of cerambycids new to the province are provided, increasing the known fauna of this family on the island to 38 species. One species, Pogonocherus penicillatus LeConte, is removed from the list of the province's fauna. Additionally, one exotic species, Rhopalophora tenuis (Chevrolat), is reported as intercepted from merchandise imported from Mexico. This fauna is examined in relation to its distribution within the province, biogeographical components, island biogeography, the composition of the regional fauna, the impact of anthropogenic activities, and adventive species. All these provide lessons to improve our understanding of the biodiversity of the province.Résumé-Cet article traite des longicornes (Cerambycidae) de l'Île-du-Prince-Édouard et signale pour la première fois la présence de 28 espèces de Cerambycidae dans cette province. Ceci augmente à 38 espèces la faune connue qui appartient à cette famille et que l'on peut trouver sur l'Île. Une de ces espèces, le Pogonocherus penicillatus LeConte, ne figure pas sur la liste faunique de la province. L'article mentionne une espèce non indigène, Rhopalophora tenuis (Chevrolat), trouvée dans des marchandises importées du Mexique. On examine cette faune dans le contexte de sa distribution à travers la province, des éléments biogéographiques, de la biogéographie des îles, de la composition de la faune régionale, de l'effet des activités anthropogènes ainsi que des espèces adventices. Ces éléments contribuent tous à améliorer notre compréhension de la biodiversité de la province. Majka et al. 268Can. Entomol. 139: 258-268 (2007)

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The Palearctic byrrhids Chaetophora spinosa (Rossi) and Simplocaria semistriata (F.) are reported for the first time from Prince Edward Island (PEI), the former species for the first time from Atlantic Canada from specimens collected in 2003–05. Their presence is discussed both in light of the history of introductions of exotic species in Atlantic Canada in general, and on PEI in particular, and also in the context of the effect of adventive species on native organisms and ecosystems. These discoveries underscore the need for continual monitoring of invertebrate populations to detect ongoing introductions of adventive species. The native byrrhid Cytilus alternatus (Say) is also reported for the first time from PEI.