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Long-standing health and social inequalities associated with minorities have increased their risk for infection, hospitalization, and death related to COVID-19. This disparity is further exacerbated with incarcerated individuals, yet little attention, both prepandemic and presently, has been devoted to collecting up-to-date data. This study uses the 2004 Survey of Inmates in State Correctional Facilities (SISCF), the most recent data, to explore the general offender population and self-reported chronic and medical health conditions to highlight how COVID-19 will impact marginalized populations. Results from the four binary regression models found that minority males are more likely to have chronic illnesses which increase in probability with longer sentences, number of incarcerations, and advancement in age. Our findings advocate for the development of recent data sets on inmate health, particularly minority individuals, as well as the construction of more precise health measures to address these health disparities, including COVID-19.

Research has determined that female inmates experience distinctive challenges both during and after incarceration. There has been little empirical inquiry, however, into the gendered nature of medical health care needs and treatment postrelease. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to examine the differences between male and female inmates with regard to chronic illness diagnoses and health care receipt during reentry. This was done using a subsample of 763 inmates who participated in the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative multisite impact evaluation who specifically mentioned a need for medical health care treatment. Results of multivariate analyses showed gendered differences for both chronic illness diagnoses and medical treatment receipt postrelease, thus highlighting potential implications for correctional health care policy and resource distribution.

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Establishing a Regional Education Collaboration Among Residencies in Wilderness Medicine Education Background.-In the Midwest region, there are few opportunities to become involved with wilderness medicine education, and much of the valuable learning in the field comes through collaboration. In an effort to embrace this collaborative spirit, emergency medicine residents in Michigan have established the Wilderness Medicine Quarterly Lecture Rounds. This is a consortium among wilderness medicine groups at emergency medicine residency programs in Michigan. Objective.-The goal is to provide a continuing source of quality wilderness medicine education and an opportunity to connect and work with other like-minded medical providers. Moreover, this example may serve as a model for other geographical areas. Methods.-Each quarter, a wilderness medicine education day consisting of lectures and hands-on activities, is hosted by one of the participating residencies. The lectures are based on the core topics established by the Wilderness Medical Society's Fellowship of the Academy of Wilderness Medicine (FAWM) curriculum, and participating residents receive FAWM credit. The learning techniques incorporated in these courses combine multiple elements, including traditional lectures, small groups with hands-on practice, and simulation scenarios. The participants were surveyed to evaluate the program. Results.-At the meetings this year, hosted at Michigan emergency medicine residency programs, residents, students, and faculty from several institutions across the region were in attendance. Lectures were presented by attendings and residents from the various residency programs in the morning, and handson outdoor courses on land navigation and orienteering, splinting, and building litters and carries were held in the afternoon. Surveys of the program were overwhelmingly positive, and attendees responded that they would plan to attend future lecture days. Conclusions.-This collaboration offers a valuable learning tool for those involved in wilderness medicine in our region to improve their skills and knowledge while also providing a way for those new to the field to become involved.