Intervention to enhance wellbeing through participation in the creative arts has a transformative potential, but the spatialities to this are poorly theorised. The paper examines arts-based interventions in two primary schools in which small groups of children are taken out of their everyday classrooms to participate in weekly sessions. The paper argues that such intervention is usefully seen as a practice of liminality, a distinct time and space that needs careful management to realise a transformative potential. Such management involves negotiating multiple sources of tension to balance different modes of power, forms of art practices and permeability of the liminal time-space.

Purpose: For years, the Arts and Health (AaH) movement has been guided by values of art for art's sake, practitioner as Artist and artist as Outsider. These values are instrumental to the effectiveness of AaH as a relational and processdriven tool for individual empowerment, collective health activism and social change. This paper explores how the AaH movement, together with the artists operating as AaH practitioners, has responded to the political and economic and policy transitions of recent years. Methodology: This paper critically analyses and updates the frequently-cited Diamond model of Smith (2003) and Macnaughton, White and Stacy (2005) exploring how and why, within a UK context of neoliberalism, austerity and evidence-based practice, AaH is being increasingly drawn into the methods and governance of medical and rehabilitative services. Findings: Whenever AaH in the UK is governed by health services, it becomes reconceptualised as therapy or treatment. It risks relinquishing its artistic and philosophical identity and distinctive effectiveness. Originality: This paper builds upon the Diamond model to present two new models, the Stalactite and the Helictite. These new models conceptualise the current situation and the potential future fragmentation of the AaH movement, highlighting how AaH might remain faithful to its core values. Keywords Arts and health, arts as treatment, participatory arts, artists in health settings, social prescribing Arts and Health (AaH) and the AaH 'movement' "Ah, music," he said, wiping his eyes. "A magic beyond all we do here!" (Rowling, 1997, p. 95

University-community collaborations focused on arts in healthThis article describes a number of community-based arts in health projects in schools and disadvantaged communities in Northern To assist us in our inquiry, we have so far been able to access through the university several tranches of outreach development funding and 'seedcorn' research grants, supplemented by personal awards of fellowships from the National Endowment for Science, Technology and Arts. This interest and support have helped us to develop an intellectual framework for arts in community health and examine its practice internationally, as well as providing a promotional platform and other funding opportunities. University involvement has also, however, set us a two-fold challenge:to sustain the work both as meaningful arts activity for the participants and as fertile ground for inquiry by researchers. This is carefully nurtured community work and cannot be set up just to test out hypotheses, and it requires longitudinal thinking in its practical development, if not also in its research methodology.

Introduction The exploitation, poor conditions and precarity in the bidi (hand-rolled leaf cigarette) industry in India makes it ripe for the application of the FCTC’s Article 17, ‘Provision of support for economically viable alternative activities’. ‘Bottom up’, participatory approaches give scope to explore bidi rollers’ own circumstances, experiences and aspirations. Methods A team of six community health volunteers using a participatory research orientation developed a questionnaire-based semi-structured interview tool. Forty-six bidi rolling women were interviewed by pairs of volunteers in two northern Tamil Nadu cities. Two follow-up focus groups were also held. A panel of 11 bidi rollers attended a workshop at which the findings from the interviews and focus groups were presented, further significant points were made and possible alternatives to bidi rolling were discussed. Results Bidi workers are aware of the adverse impact of their occupation on them and their families, as well as the major risks posed by the product itself for the health of consumers. However, they need alternative livelihoods that offer equivalent remuneration, convenience and (in some cases) dignity. Alternative livelihoods, and campaigns for better rights for bidi workers while they remain in the industry, serve to undercut industry arguments against tobacco control. Responses need to be diverse and specific to local situations, i.e. ‘bottom up’ as much as ‘top down’, which can make the issue of scaling up problematic. Conclusion Participatory approaches involving bidi workers themselves in discussions about their circumstances and aspirations have opened up new possibilities for alternative livelihoods to tobacco. Implications Progress with the FCTC’s Article 17 has generally been slow and has focussed on tobacco cultivation rather than later stages in the production process. The bidi industry in India is ripe for the application of an alternative livelihoods approach. This study is one of the first to use participatory methods to investigate the circumstances, experiences and aspirations of bidi workers themselves.

It has been argued that arts participation may be ‘more potent than anything medicine has to offer’ (Smith, 2002). Travelling further upstream from the government's initiatives to improve access to talking therapies as a solution to the mounting burden of depression, this paper describes ways in which community arts programmes involving primary schools are seeking to strengthen the mental wellbeing of children. The arts, the authors argue, deal in imagination, and imagination can be stronger than will power. Thus, by harnessing the imagination, arts interventions can influence change in children's health patterns into adulthood, and thereby help establish a healthy culture in a healthier nation.