Appendix 2: P&L template (source: Mary Waltham) 5. Section 2 describes in some detail the methodology for developing the journal data inputs to the templates (see: Appendix 1 and Appendix 2) that are tools used for the business analysis. Information was collected for 3 complete years 2005-2007. 6. Circulation patterns over the 3 years are reviewed in Section 2. Member circulation is relatively flat overall. Total institutional subscription numbers reported increased by 1.8% with a fall in print subscription numbers more than compensated for by an increase in online, and print with online. 7.

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A summary of the findings of a study which included an in‐depth exploration of journal business and pricing models of nine learned societies in the context of their requirements and of the open access (OA) business model. Detailed information on current trends in revenue costs and surplus is included. The article considers whether and how OA can be adopted by the representative sample of STM publishers.

Discussion among professional and learned society staff about what their members really want now ranges across such a broad spectrum of services that it is often difficult to focus on the question. That said, the responses tend to be relatively simple. They often take the form of folk wisdom, proverbs handed down from one generation to the next that are not so much inaccurate as sometimes unhelpful. Members are variously described as joining to receive the journal, to attend the meetings, to get cheaper insurance, to pay lower page charges, and so on. This article goes beyond the proverbs, by looking at real evidence and emerging trends in society membership and publications. The aim is to support pragmatic decision‐making by society and association publishers in a world where membership ‘to get the journal’ is no longer necessarily the norm.

This paper describes a survey of BioOne participating publishers that was conducted during the fall of 2003. In that survey, BioOne collected data from 18 not-for-profit publishers on circulation levels, scholarly output in terms of pages and articles produced, revenues, and expenditures. From eight of the publishers, complete profit, loss, and circulation information was gathered, while the remaining 10 publishers only provided circulation data and answered general operations questions. This information was then compiled to compare the business operations of these publishers against industry-standard benchmarks to assess their business practices and to examine the effect of recent trends on publishers' revenue streams and costs. The paper also explores these data in relation to shifting to a publishing model based not on print but electronic subscriptions.