Smartphones are a great technological revolution of the last decade. Their characteristics, such as high‐resolution cameras, internal storage, and processing capacity, make them useful for different technical solutions, such as forensics. The latent fingerprint is a critical piece of evidence in crime scenes; it is invisible to the naked eye, so different methods for improving visualization are essential. Several techniques, based on chemical and physical processes, have been developed over time. Smartphones can help improve visualization through optical features. Recent studies have evaluated combining methods of acquiring latent fingerprints with smartphones, showing different principles for this purpose. Using this type of tool remains controversial, especially regarding its admissibility in court. Studies in this area are necessary since these tools would make the lives of forensic scientists much easier. Among the main reasons for its application in crime scenes are ease of use, wide availability for purchase, and the low cost involved, which is of great interest to developing countries. This work aims to show that a smartphone camera is also a suitable tool for enhancing and acquiring latent digital fingerprints with sufficient quality for forensic use. This review shows further research and discusses image quality, admissibility in court, and its importance for developing countries due to its low cost.
This article is categorized under:
Digital and Multimedia Science > Mobile Forensics
Crime Scene Investigation > From Traces to Intelligence and Evidence
Digital and Multimedia Science > Multimedia Forensics
Metrologia forense é a utilização de conceitos e procedimentos de metrologia na solução de crimes. Seus estudos partiram da década de 1990 e demonstram importância técnica e jurídica crescente. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido para trazer à tona questionamentos a respeito da compreensão, abrangência e emprego dos termos utilizados na área de metrologia, por profissionais oficiais de perícia no Estado de Santa Catarina, com objetivo de rastrear o conhecimento básico dessa notável ciência entre tais profissionais. A metodologia empregada no presente trabalho se pautou no desenvolvimento e aplicação de um questionário, anônimo e voluntário, contendo perguntas objetivas sobre metrologia geral e forense. Como resultado, observou-se que é inegável a presença de considerável confusão na compreensão e aplicação de conceitos básicos. Mesmo assim, grande parte dos participantes tinham certo conhecimento sobre o conteúdo/teor dos termos apresentados. Conclui-se, ainda, pela existência de um campo fértil para maiores discussões sobre a premente necessidade da aplicação de metrologia nas ciências forenses.
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