Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common endocrine disorder and one of the highly progressive diseases which is indicated by high blood sugar (hyperglycemia). The present study aims to study the effects of treatment with zinc and vitamin C on glycemic profile [fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), and insulin hormone level] in type 2 diabetic patients. The study included 56 diabetic patients [30 without foot ulcers (15 without zinc and vitamin C supplements, 15 with zinc and vitamin C supplements) and 26 with foot ulcers (15 without zinc and vitamin C supplements, 11 with zinc and vitamin C supplements)]. Also, 15 healthy persons were used as a control group. The patients were enrolling to Azadi Teaching Hospital and Kirkuk General Hospital/ Kirkuk city/ Iraq; their ages ranged from 30 to 60 years and weights ranged from 70 to 90 kilogram. Blood samples were collected from the studied subjects to determine fasting blood sugar (FBS) concentration, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) level, and insulin hormone level. Zinc and vitamin C supplements were used for four weeks by a group of the patients. The results showed highly significant (P≤0.01) decreases in the values of FBS, HbA1C, and insulin in diabetic patients treated with supplements (both with and without foot ulcers) compared with diabetic patients without supplements (both with and without foot ulcers). It can be concluded that zinc and vitamin C supplements have improving impacts on patients with diabetes mellitus by improving glycemic profile parameters, such as FBS, HbA1C, and insulin.

Diabetes Mellitus is the most common endocrine disease in the 20th and 21st centuries worldwide, a progressive and aggressive disease characterized by hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. A foot ulcer is one of the diabetic complications, the most reason for lower limbs amputation. Retinopathy is another diabetic complication that leads to blindness. Diabetic nephropathy is the main reason for chronic kidney disease. Zinc is an antioxidant element, a cofactor for more than 300 important enzymes in the cells; it has many important physiological metabolisms. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin and a powerful dietary antioxidant. It is essential for the physiological functions of the body. 50 diabetic patients were selected to receive 100 mg zinc oxide tablets and 1000 mg vitamin C tablets every day; for 6 months. The doses were separated and used at specified times during the day. 30 persons were selected as a healthy control group. Wound swab cultures and antibiotic sensitivity tests were done for diabetic foot ulcer patients before supplements taking only. There was a significant decrease in FBG, HbA1C, insulin hormone, urea, creatinine levels, blood pressure, and urination times also improvements in lipids profile. Complete healing of foot ulcers was achieved with blood flow signs and sense during that; without using of antibiotic with most cases. Obvious improvements were achieved at visual acuity. Zinc and vitamin C are related closely to Diabetes Mellitus disease and its complications. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease resulting from zinc deficiency, impairing insulin hormone production, secretion, and functions. That leads to an increase in FBS, HbA1C, blood pressure, urination times, and dyslipidemia, also to inability of vitamin C to enter the cells, followed by endothelial dysfunctions, impaired blood flow, and ischemia, hence to diabetic complications, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and diabetic foot ulcer.