Hybrid nanofluid has been streamlined as a new class of nanofluid, marked by its thermal properties and potential utilities which serve the purpose to enhance the rate of heat transfer. The main aim of the current analysis is to present a comparison between the behavior of traditional nanofluid and emerging hybrid nanofluid in the presence of micropolar fluid theory, rotation and porous medium over an exponentially stretched surface. The constructed mathematical differential system is solved numerically by means of the BVP-4C technique. The comparison between behavior of pure water, Cu∕water nanofluid, Cu − TiO 2 ∕water hybrid nanofluid over velocity, microrotation and temperature distribution has been visualized graphically. For better comprehension of flow characteristics and heat transfer rate, variation in skin friction coefficients in addition to the Nusselt number of nanofluid along with hybrid nanofluid is scrutinized. We perceive from the present study that the rate of heat transfer of nanofluid is lower than that of hybrid nanofluid even in the presence of micropolar effects, rotation and porosity.

This article provides an insight into the magnetohydrodynamic flow of time-dependent rotating hybrid nanofluids, using micropolar fluid theory. The medium containing the fluid is considered to be porous while the surface is being stretched exponentially. The mathematical composition of this problem is then numerically solved utilizing the bvp4c technique. An assessment of the flow behavior and properties of a conventional nanofluid along with those of a hybrid nanofluid, using velocity profiles, microrotation and temperature distribution, is presented. Additionally, modifications in the local Nusselt number of the nanofluid and the hybrid nanofluid have been observed.

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The regulation of energy associated with heat transfer is the most important problem in the food processing, chemical and biomedical engineering industries. Therefore, this investigation explores the heat transfer qualities of micropolar hybrid-nanofluid also considering entropy generation which has recently become central focus of research in the field of heat transfer processes. The purpose of this analysis is to explore the influence of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), viscous dissipation, and heat radiation on the flow of hybrid-nanofluid with micropolar properties above an exponentially shrinking/stretching sheet. A mathematical model is constructed and the solution is acquired by utilizing numerical technique bvp-4c in MATLAB. The befitting usage of the second law of thermal physics helped in conducting the entropy production analysis. The study obtains numerical results for the governing equations, which reveal dual solutions when analyzing a shrinking sheet, contrary to a stretching sheet. The paper presents graphical depictions of the influence of different attributes upon micro-rotation, velocity, surface-friction, temperature, Nusselt number and also the entropy generation plus the Bejan number. Moreover, a comparison of heat transfer rates between conventional nanomaterial and hybrid-nanofluid is provided. The study concludes that dual solutions appear and the wall shear stress coefficient decreases as the values of micropolar parameter [Formula: see text] increase with critical values of [Formula: see text] being [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Also thermal irreversibility, which results from fluid friction near the sheet rather than far from it, is more dominant than total entropy generation.