In this study a tight carbonate gas reservoir of early Eocene (S1 formation) is studied for litho-facies estimation and probabilistic estimation of reservoir properties prediction using quantitative geophysical approach from a mature gas field in the Middle Indus Basin, onshore Pakistan. Quantitative seismic reservoir characterization approach relied on well based litho-facies re-classification, Amplitude Variation with Offset (AVO) attributes analysis and Pre-Stack simultaneous inversion attributes constrained with customized well-log and seismic data (gathers) conditioning. Three main litho-facies (hydrocarbon bearing limestone, tight limestone and shale) are classified estimated based on the precise analysis of well data using petrophysical properties. AVO attributes (intercept and gradient) conveniently inspection for amplitude behavior (reflection coefficients) of the possible AVO (class I), fluids and lithology characteristics. Probable litho-facies (tight limestone and shale) are estimated using well based litho-facies classification and inverted seismic attributes (p-impedance and density) from pre-stack simultaneous inversion in a Bayesian framework. Additionally, petrophysical properties (clay volume and porosity) are derived from probabilistic neural network approach using well logs and pre-stack inverted attributes (pimpedance and density) constrained with sample-based seismic attributes (instantaneous, windowed frequency, filters, derivatives, integrated and time).

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Ofatumumab is a monoclonal antibody that reduces the level of B cells that alter the progression of relapsing multiple sclerosis. Originally approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in August 2020, this meta-analysis determines the outcomes of four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for endline outcomes of Gadolinium-enhancing T1 lesions on MRI scans reported as Cohen’s d and relapse rate reported as risk ratio. All four RCTs reported favorable findings of gadolinium-enhancing T1 lesions (Cohen’s d = −0.44, p < 0.00001). The relapse rate was reduced by 46% post ofatumumab administration (RR = 0.54, p < 0.00001). With 14 ongoing trials in this area, more data is required to consolidate our findings.

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