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Background: Dental implants have been one of the most popular treatments for rehabilitating individuals with single missing teeth or fully edentulous jaws since their introduction. As more implant patients are well-aged and take several medications due to various systemic conditions, clinicians should be mindful of possible drug implications on bone remodeling and osseointegration. Objective: The present study aims to study and review some desirable and some unwelcomed implications of medicine on osseointegration. Methods: A broad search for proper relevant studies were conducted in four databases, including Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Results: Some commonly prescribed medicines such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), glucocorticoids, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), anticoagulants, metformin, and chemotherapeutic agents may jeopardize osseointegration. On the contrary, some therapeutic agents such as anabolic, anti-catabolic, or dual anabolic and anti-catabolic agents may enhance osseointegration and increase the treatment’s success rate. Conclusion: Systemic medications that enhance osseointegration include mineralization promoters and bone resorption inhibitors. On the other hand, medications often given to the elderly with systemic problems might interfere with osseointegration, leading to implant failure. However, to validate the provided research, more human studies with a higher level of evidence are required.

Background: Lichen Planus is a common mucocutaneous disease with unknown etiology. Immunodeficiency is a known predisposing factor to this disease. Oral Candidiasis which is an opportunistic fungal infection, commonly affects healthy and immune-compromised patients. Candida has different species bearing different treatments. In this study, researchers aimed to detect the frequency and colonization rate of Candida and its association with different factors such as lesion types of oral lichen Planus (OLP).Materials and Methods: Thirty seven untreated oral lichen Planus patients, attending the Clinical Department of Oral Medicine at Shiraz Dental School in 2011, were selected. Swab method and CHROMagar media were used to obtain samples incubated for 48 hours at 30 ºC. Fungal species were detected considering colony color changes.Results: In the culture test, approximately 80% of samples were positive of non-reticular type. About 40% of positive samples were of Candida non-albicans (C.Non-albicans) type. Among C. Non-albicans, 85% were non-reticular type among OLP patients. There was no significant statistical difference in prevalence of Candida albicans (C.albicans) and C. Non-albicans in OLP patients.Conclusion: Based on results, certain biotypes of Candida were not confirmed responsible for OLP patterns.[GMJ.2014;3(4):252-5]

Aim. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is one of the major biomarkers involved in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in salivary IL-1β concentration in patients with chronic periodontitis following daily consumption of green tea. Methods and Materials. Thirty patients with an average age of 45.8 years suffering from chronic periodontitis were randomly assigned into 2 groups (i.e., experimental and control groups). Besides receiving phase 1 periodontal treatment (scaling and root planning (SRP)), the experimental group drank green tea for a period of 6 weeks. To measure the concentration of salivary IL-1β, saliva samples were taken from both groups at 2 time points, i.e., prior to SRP (time point 1 (T0)) and after 6 weeks (time point 2 (T1)). The nonparametric Wilcoxon test was used to examine and compare the changes in the concentration of salivary IL-1β in each group relevant to the 2 time points (T0 and T1). Data were submitted to statistical analysis. Results. At the end of the study period, a significant reduction ( P = 0.0001 ) in the concentration of salivary IL-1β was observed in the experimental group (A). As for the control group (B), however, there was no significant change ( P = 0.307 ) in the concentration of salivary IL-1β after 6 weeks following phase 1 periodontal treatment. Conclusion. Green tea supplementation, in addition to SRP, may reduce salivary IL-1β levels in patients with chronic periodontitis for a period of 6 weeks.