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In situ heat injection is a suitable technique for extracting shale oil from reservoirs with high organic matter content but insufficient thermal maturation. To optimize the stimulation process and to avoid unnecessary energy consumption, understanding the thermal process and the effects of thermal parameters is crucial. This research employs a self-developed simulator to build a 2D numerical model of the in situ conversion process of kerogen with electric heaters. A benchmark model is first established to determine the effects of heat injection on crude oil production and kerogen decomposition. Subsequently, this study analyzes the evolution of shale oil within the reservoir, identifying the role of thermal and physical properties in crude oil production and kerogen decomposition during the stimulation treatment. A sensitivity analysis of the thermal properties of the reservoir is also carried out, which allows for defining the role of the thermal conductivity of the rock during the stimulation process. Finally, it is observed that, when using the injection at a constant power, the injection time to achieve a suitable large rate of decomposition is shorter than at a constant temperature—consequently, it has a higher economic advantage.