Aipiri Village in the eastern part of Manokwari District, West Papua, is one of the villages directly adjacent to the Pacific Ocean. This village is very vulnerable to the threat of sea-level rise. This study aims to determine the level of vulnerability and adaptation of the community at Aipiri village to climate change. Data were collected through a survey method with interview techniques and direct observation to obtain data on the level of vulnerability of the village to climate change. The results of this study indicated that sea-level rise is the biggest threat to the people of Aipiri village. In addition, when referring to the level of resilience, the pattern of community adaptation through community local wisdom and knowledge, the environmental infrastructure aspect is an adaptation solution that needs to be developed. Ecotourism areas are developed as a form of local wisdom in defending the area against climate change.

The coastal area of Maruni at Manokwari Regency is known for its potential as a fish-producing area, industry, settlements, ports, and others. However, some parts of Maruni coastal areas have been damaged due to the development. The coastal area experienced changes caused by both natural processes and human activities. The presence of natural and artificial processes in coastal areas results in accretion and abrasion. The dynamics of oceanographic pressures such as sea tidal, sea waves, ocean currents, and tides occurring in the Maruni Beach area cause changes in the movement of sediments affecting the coastal area. Continuous changes can be a threat to Maruni coastal line as the Trans Papua Barat Road passed this route. This research was conducted with the aim to quantify the rate of coastline changes and oceanographic dynamics of Maruni coastal line at the south part of Manokwari Regency, Papua Barat Province from 1995 to 2021. The utilization of remote sensing interpretation method from Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 8 OLI, and oceanographic data providers (BIG, ECMWF) accommodated data source. The analysis result concluded that changes in the coastline at Maruni Coastal line during the 1995-2021 period predominantly encountered abrasion. The magnitude rate of change experienced a very small accretion, but was replaced by a very high abrasion event that occurred during two observation periods between 1995-2021.

Abstract. Tapilatu ME, Wijayanti DP, Subagiyo, Sembiring A, Yusmalinda NLA, NIngsih EY, Malik MDA, Pertiwi NPD. 2023. Genetic diversity of wedgefishes and guitarfishes at landing sites in east Indonesia using Cytochrome Subunit I (COI). Biodiversitas 24: 3120-3127. Wedgefish and guitarfish are considered endangered and protected by law in Indonesia due to pressure from overexploitation. They are highly exploited because of their economic value. This condition impacts the decline in the number of populations to the value of genetic diversity. This study used mitochondrial DNA to assess the genetic diversity of wedgefishes and guitarfishes which landed in the eastern part of Indonesia. We found Rhynchobatus australiae (Whitley, 1939) to be the most common species (14 out of 26 sequenced samples), with Glaucostegus typus (Bennett, 1830) and Rhinobatos jimbaranensis (Last, White, & Fahmi, 2006) appearing infrequently. COI sequences were obtained from the NCBI database and utilized in the study to compare population differentiation. Among the R. australiae populations, the results showed that the genetic diversity (Hd) values from Papua, Bali, and Lombok were 1.00, 0.67, and 0.75, respectively. In Papua, G.typus populations showed genetic diversity values of 0.90. R. jimbaranensis from Bali showed a genetic diversity of 0.50. Papua populations indicated higher genetic diversity than Bali and Lombok populations. Furthermore, the analyses of pairwise FST values and AMOVA indicated moderate genetic divergence across reference populations of R. australiae and G. typus in this study. Based on this value, a cautious conservation strategy in optimizing fisheries management will be required to limit anthropogenic impacts.