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Background: The HMG-CoA inhibitor are used to control adverse cardiovascular event caused by Hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidaemia. The current study was aimed to evaluate the ability of phytoconstituents of an aqueous seed extract of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd to inhibit HMG-CoA reductase and regress the formation of atherosclerotic plaque. Methods: The chemical fingerprinting of the test extract was assessed by LC-MS. Consequently, the assessments of in-vitro, in-vivo, and in-silico were performed by following the standard methods.Results: The in-vitro assessment of the test extract revealed 74.1 % inhibition potential of HMG-CoA reductase. In-vivo evaluations of the test extract indicated that treated hypercholesterolemic rabbits exhibited a significant (𝑃 ≤ 0.001) ameliorations in the biomarker indices of the dyslipidaemia, such as the atherogenic index, Castelli risk index (I&II), atherogenic coefficient along with lipid profile. Concomitantly, significant reductions were observed in the atherosclerotic plaque area and antioxidants. The in-silico study of molecular docking shown interactions capabilities of key phytoconstituents of the test extract with target protein of HMG-CoA reductase which further validated by the molecular dynamics through potentail energy, NPT, NVT, RSMD and others. Subsequently, the ADMET analysis shown ideal druggability. Conclusion: The results indicate that phytoconstituents of an aqueous seed extract of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. could inhibit HMG-CoA reductase and improve the levels of antioxidants activity that may reduce symptoms associated with hypercholesterolemia.

Multidrug-resistant bacteremia 15 Gve and 1 G + ve isolates were collected from inpatients and outpatients departments at Security Forces Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In studying the multidrug-resistance to antibiotics, it was recorded that the Gve isolates of E. coli (11093623) & (11161644) were resistance to 19 out of 20 tested antibiotics except antibiotic(CN), while the G + ve isolate of MRSA was resistance to 9 out of 18 antibiotics, and it was sensitive to antibiotic (OX and CZ).The Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) was examined to discourage the growth of the multidrug-resistance isolates. Rod-AuNPs were the best to discourage the growth of tested bacteria, followed by the Spherical-AuNPs. Swabs were taken from inhibition zone resulting from the inhibitory effect of AuNPs, towards the tested bacteria and re-inoculated on the Nutrient Agar medium, to determine either the bacteriostatic/bactericidal effect for different NPs. The study proved that Rod-AuNPs gave bacteriostatic effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11093627) & (11132667), Enterobacter cloacae (11159053) and Citrobacter freundii(11176991)&(11182565), and gave a bactericidal effect to the rest of the tested isolates. The Spherical-AuNPs gave a bacteriostatic impact of all tested isolates. Electromicroscopic studies disclosed the effect of AuNPs, either rods or spherical-shaped, on the external shape of some of the pathogenic tested bacteria e.g. E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa of Gve bacteria, MRSA of G + ve bacteria. From results obtained, it can be concluded that the nanostructures and morphologies of AuNPs may offer new possibilities for promising therapeutic applications of multidrug-resistance bacteremia.