Background: Appendicectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures performed in emergency surgery. Despite this, there is still lack of consensus about the most appropriate technique for appendicectomy. In this longitudinal analysis, we aimed to compare the outcomes of laparoscopic appendicectomy (LA) and the conventional technique or open appendicectomy (OA) in the treatment of acute appendicitis.Methods: A non-randomized longitudinal comparative study was conducted in NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, India. From November 2017 to October 2019, 53 patients underwent OA and 59 underwent LA, making a total number of patients included in this study to be 112 (n). The two groups were compared for operative time, length of hospital stay, postoperative pain, post-operative ileus and complication rate.Results: Laparoscopic appendicectomy was associated with a shorter hospital stay (4.34±1.37 days in LA and 5.09±1.71 days in OA, p<0.01), with a lower post operative pain score [VAS] (2.93±0.80 in LA and 4.62±0.92 in OA, p<0.001). Operative time was shorter in the open group (42.70±12.05 min in OA and 43.39±16.59 in LA). Complications were lesser in the LA group with a significantly lower incidence of wound infection (3.4% in LA and 13.2% in OA).Conclusions: Laparoscopic approach is safe and efficient in appendicectomy and it provides clinically advantages over open method (shorter hospital stays, lower post op pain, early food tolerance, earlier return to work and lesser wound infection) against only marginally longer operative time.

Background: The objective of this study was to compare frequency of stoma related complications of loop versus divided sigmoid colostomy for the management of high variety anorectal malformations. Methodology: This RCT was conducted in the department of Pediatrics Surgery Department of the Children’s Hospital and the Institute of Child Health Lahore, for the period of one year from 1st May 2016 to 1st June 2017. One hundred and twenty patients (Sixty patients in each group) of anorectal malformation meeting inclusion criteria were taken in this study. Patients were divided into two groups randomly using lottery method; loop sigmoid colostomy in Group-A and divided sigmoid colostomy in Group-B. After surgeries patients were followed weekly up till 8 weeks. Stoma related complications (as per operational definition) were noted. Results: The mean age in group –A and group-B were 3.34 ± 1.12 days and 3.36 ± 0.97 days, respectively. In group – A there were 52(86.67%) male and 8(13.33%) females, and in group-B there were 45(75%) male and 15(25%) female patients. In group-A 22(36.66%) patients had complications [3(5.00%) patients had retraction, 8(13.33%) had prolapse, 4(6.67%) had stoma obstruction, parastomal hernia were seen in 4(6.67%), stoma necrosis were seen in 3 (5.00%)] and in group-B, 16(26.66%) patients had different complications [1(1.67%) patients had retraction, 3(5.00%) had prolapse, 5(8.33%) had stoma obstruction, parastomal hernia were seen in 2(3.3%), stoma necrosis were seen 5(8.33%)]. The complications in group-A were higher when compared to group-B, but (p-value = 0.650) were not significant statistically except for stoma prolapse. Conclusion: Though complication rate in both techniques is not statistically different but frequency of stoma prolapse is more in loop colostomy group. Therefore, divide colostomy should be opted as preferred technique.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of sclerotherapy with bleomycin versus surgical resection in children with cystic hygroma. Study Design: Comparative/Observational Place and Duration: Paediatric department of Khalifa Gul Nawaz Medical Teaching Institute, Bannu for 20 months duration from 1st August 2019 to 31st March 2021. Methods: Total 40 patients of both genders with ages 1 month to 15 years presented with cystic hygroma were included in this study. Patients' detailed demographics were recorded after written consent from parents/guardians. Patients were divided in to two groups’ i.e. Group A consist of 20 patients and received sclerotherapy with intra-lesional bleomycin and Group B consist of 20 patients received surgical excision. Outcomes were analyzed at post-procedure 3 and 6 months post-procedure and compared the findings between both groups. Results: There was no significant difference observed between both groups regarding age, gender and site of lymphangioma p-value >0.05. In Group A 15 (75%) patients showed excellent results, 3 (15%) patients showed good results and 2 (10%) showed poor results. In Group B 13 (65%) showed excellent results, 4 (20%) showed good results and 3 (15%) showed poor results. At final follow-up there were no patient with recurrence in Group A while in Group B 2 (10%) patients had recurrence, Conclusion: It is concluded that sclerosing treatment with bleomycin is a safe and effective treatment modality with no recurrence as compared to surgical rexection. Keywords: Cystic Hygroma, Sclerotherapy, Bleomycin, Surgery, Recurrence