Aim: To compare the complications regarding modified Duhamel procedure in male to female children for Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR). Methodology: This comparative retrospective study was done at pediatric surgery department PUMHSW Nawabshah during Jun 2019-Aug 2020. Sample size was selected as 70 patients and divided it into two groups. Group A contain 45 male children while group B also consists of 25 female children. The children between the age of 2-15 year, both sexes and confirm Hirschsprung’s disease was included in this study while the children below 2 years. The study was approved by ethical review board PUMHSW Nawabshah. Written informed consent was obtained from parents or guardians of the participants.  Results: There were 64.28% (n=45) male and 35.72% (25) female patients (Fig 1). The mean weight of patients in male was 17.8 ± 7.6 kg while in female was 15.6±6.27 kg (Fig 2). In the distribution of patients by complications, anorectal stenosis was present in 13.33% (n=6) in male while 12% (n=3) in female children. Wound infection was present in 8.88% (n=4) in male and 8% (n=2) in female children. Intestinal obstruction was present in 11.11% (n=5) and 12% (n=3) in male and female children respectively. Conclusion: It was concluded that modified Duhamel Procedure for Hirschsprung’s disease has less postoperative complications in both male and females moreover there is no significant difference of postoperative complications in both sexes.

Aim: To determine the frequency of common clinical presentations in children with foreign body aspiration. Methodology: This cross sectional study was done during the period of March, 2017 to Feb, 2018 A total of 84 children with history of foreign body aspiration were included. The data was entered in the proforma which includes history and the common presentation. The study was approved by ethical review board of PUMHSW. Written informed consent was taken from parents/guardian of all participants. Results: The average age of the children was 3.2±1.69 years. There were 52(61.9%) male and 32(38.1%) were female. Frequency of common clinical presentation was repeated attacks of cough 64.3%, respiratory distress 64.3% followed by sudden onset of choking 54.8%, non-responsive to treatment 34.5%, cyanosis 11.9% and with decrease air way breath sound in right and left as well as bilateral lung was 44%, 23.8% and 16.7& respectively. 46.4% had right, 22.6% left and 25% bilateral hyperinflation similarly 17.95 right, 15.5% left lung were collapse. Conclusion: Beetle nut as foreign body inhalation is more common in children. Repeated attacks of cough, respiratory distress, and chocking are the commonest symptoms. FBA should be kept in differential diagnosis of persistent cough in children.

Foreign body ingestion is relatively common in the paediatric population and most object pass through the gastrointestinaltract spontaneously. With the popularity of small magnetic toys, there have been numerous reports of magnet ingestion with morbidityand even mortality. We report a case of 3-years old boy who presented with clinical features of subacute intestinal obstruction with nohistory of foreign body ingestion. On exploratory laparotomy, he was found to have multiple small bowel perforations due to two smallmagnets. Magnets were removed and perforations repaired. The aim of this report is to awarepaediatricians of the importance of earlysurgical referral in case of magnet ingestion, to prevent severe complications.