Starting from 24 August 2016, a long seismic sequence, including nine Mw > 5.0 earthquakes, struck a wide area of the Central Italy. A large amount of geological, geodetic, and seismological data envisages a complex system of NNW‐SSE trending, seismogenic normal faults. These active tectonic structures are well known at the surface and consistent with previous seismotectonic studies. In order to improve the comprehension of the seismotectonic framework of this seismic sequence, we provide a novel reconstruction of the subsurface geology of the area close to the Norcia Mw 6.5 mainshock (30 October 2016), based on previously unpublished seismic reflection profiles and available geological data. All the data have been synthesized along a 47 km long, WSW‐ENE trending geological cross section, interpreted down to a depth of 12 km. Comparing the subsurface geological model with the available seismological data, we find that the majority of seismicity is confined within the sedimentary sequence and does not penetrate the underlying basement. The basement has been constrained at depths of 8 to 11 km and coincides with the cutoff of the seismicity. We have also traced the trajectories of the seismogenic normal faults activated during this seismic sequence, reconciling the high‐angle (dip>65°) normal faults exposed at the surface, with their angle (dip < 50°) at hypocentral depths. The results of this study may be useful for better understanding the rheological properties of the seismogenic rock volume, as well as the coseismic deformations of the topographic surface observed by geodetic techniques and field mapping.

The 2.08-Ma Cerro Galán Ignimbrite (CGI) represents a >630-km 3 dense rock equivalent (VEI 8) eruption from the long-lived Cerro Galán magma system (∼6 Ma). It is a crystal-rich (35-60%), pumice (<10% generally) and lithic-poor (<5% generally) rhyodacitic ignimbrite, lacking a preceding plinian fallout deposit.

Estimates of pyroclastic flow emplacement temperatures in the Cerro Galán ignimbrite and Toconquis Group ignimbrites were determined using thermal remanent magnetization of lithic clasts embedded within the deposits. These ignimbrites belong to the Cerro Galán volcanic system, one of the largest calderas in the world, in the Puna plateau, NW Argentina. Temperature estimates for the 2.08-Ma Cerro Galán ignimbrite are retrieved from 40 sites in 14 localities (176 measured clasts), distributed at different distances from the caldera and different stratigraphic heights. Additionally, temperature estimates were obtained from 27 sample sites (125 measured clasts) from seven ignimbrite units forming the older Toconquis Group (5.60-4.51 Ma), mainly outcropping along a type section at Rio Las Pitas, Vega Real Grande. The paleomagnetic data obtained by progressive thermal demagnetization show that the clasts of the Cerro Galán ignimbrite have one single magnetic component, oriented close to the expected geomagnetic field at the time of emplacement. Results show therefore that most of the clasts acquired a new magnetization oriented parallel to the magnetic field at the moment of the ignimbrite deposition, suggesting that the clasts were heated up to or above the highest blocking temperature (T b ) of the magnetic minerals (T b =580°C for magnetite;