This article presents the dimensionless model and the design considerations of a pneumatic suspension with auxiliary reservoir. The dimensionless model provided makes it possible to fully understand the effect of the parameters which de®ne the suspension and to select the spring type correctly. Without this selection, the suspension generates transmissibility curves with excessive ampli®cation in the vicinity of the resonance, even after optimum de®nition of auxiliary volume and resistance. This aspect is the key point for de®ning effective applicable solutions. The design considerations provided at the end of the work constitute a useful re Âsume  and a guide for designing suspensions of the type described.

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This paper deals with a method for static and dynamic modeling of a three-way pneumatic proportional valve actuated by means of a proportional solenoid, which can be applied in robust design, condition monitoring, and development of advanced control strategies. Test-beds for the experimental identification of the main physical parameters of the valve are described along with the proposed experimental methods. A mechatronic dynamic model of the valve is then presented, which considers the servo-solenoid as the electromagnetic subsystem, the moving parts of the valve as the mechanical subsystem, and the fluid parts for flow-rate control as the pneumatic subsystem. Finally, the proposed mechatronic dynamic model is validated by comparing the experimental and simulated diagrams for adsorbed current, spool position, and instantaneous flow-rate.

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