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A 78‐year‐old man with primary gastric plasmacytoma showing massive rod‐shaped intracytoplasmic inclusions is presented. The patient was initially diagnosed as having a benign gastric ulcer and underwent partial gastrectomy. Around the ulcer of the resected stomach specimen, diffuse proliferation of plasma cells with massive rod‐shaped intracytoplasmic inclusions was noticed by light microscopy. Immunohistochemically, these cells were found to contain IgM‐kappa‐type immunoglobulin upon peroxidaseantlperoxidase (PAP) staining. Electron microscopy showed that the intracytoplasmic inclusions were localized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and had a lattice structure with a periodicity of about 120 Å.

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Operative breast cancers were subjected to a serological and immunohistochemical evaluation of sialyl Lewisx antigen as a tumor-associated one, where a new monoclonal antibody CSLEX1 which reacts with sialyl Lewisx antigen was used. Percent positive of sailayl Lewisx in sera of 30 patients with breast cancer was 30%(9/30), which was better than those of any other tumor markers such as CEA, CA19-9, CA15-3 and SLX. Percent positives, according to clinical stages, were 20.0%, 37.5%, 40.0% and 50.0% in stage I, II, III and IV respectively. Immunohistochemically, the expression of a sialyl Lewisx in the normal ductal epithelium and carcinoma cells of 41 breast cancers demonstrated 95.5%(21/22) and 65.9%(27/41) respectively. Although the immunohistochemical experssion of sialyl Lewisx antigen indicated a low cancer specificity, comparatively high positive rates in stage I and II were obtained in sera of cancer patients. It has been suggested that sialyl Lewisx antigen is useful as a tumor-associatd antigen in breast cancers.