The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of lupine flour on selected parameters of novel bakery products. Different proportions of lupine flour – from 25% to 100% – were added to the baked biscuits; wheat flour biscuits were prepared as the control sample. Increasing lupine content has positively affected mineral concentrations and sensory properties. After 4 days of storage, the lupine biscuit samples showed no significant differences in their water activity values when compared with each other. Compared with the control sample, the concentration of Ca was considerably increased by 1.2% in the biscuits with 25% lupine flour addition, which represents 5.8% of the recommended daily intake of Ca contained in 100 g of biscuits. The biscuits containing 25% of lupine flour showed no significant difference in colour compared to the control sample. The intensity of the sensory properties of the biscuits increased by adding more lupine flour; all the samples of lupine biscuits were acceptable to the evaluators. Based on the results, 25% of lupine flour addition may be considered the most appropriate.

Electronic nose with sensors is used in many industries and for various applications such as quality control, process monitoring, shelf life evaluation, origin or authenticity assessment. The aim of this work was to investigate the electronic nose with FID detectors applicability for characterization of steamed cheese and for the assessment of steamed cheese quality decay during storage. Samples of smoked and unsmoked steamed cheese varieties from 5 Slovak enterprises concerning different regions of Slovakia were analysed. Data from aroma profiles were processed by statistical technique PCA. Compounds like acetaldehyde, 1-propanal, propanoic acid, ethyl hexanoate, furfural, butan-2-one, isovaleric acid, 1-hexanol or α-pinene were determined as significant flavours in fresh steamed cheese samples. In the current study, no significant differences in aroma profiles between fresh and stored cheese samples were confirmed. Thus, differences in main odour substances composition of steamed cheese varieties, obtained from various producers in several geographic regions of Slovakia, were minor.

The aim of this work was to compare sensory evaluation and electronic nose technology used to assess aromas in dry hopped beers. An electronic nose based on gas chromatography was used for the first time. Hops varieties Amarillo, Cascade, Chinook, Kazbek and Mandarina Bavaria were used for the production of dry hopped beers and the Sladek variety was used for the control sample. The basic characteristics of the beers were determined, and the sensory evaluation performed by selected assessors was compared to the sensory assay using an electronic nose. Assessment of the aroma profile of dry hopped beers shows that the basic flavours of these beers, such as worty, yeasty and hoppy, were suppressed. Compared to the control sample, a significant grapefruit flavour was noted by the evaluators in Kazbek and Chinook beer samples. The most prominent determinant, compared to the control sample, was in general the citrus aroma. Based on the results of the principal component analysis, it can be concluded that there were statistically significant differences between the individual dry hopped beers and between them and the control sample with the exception of beers dry hopped with hops of the Amarillo and Cascade variety, which was also confirmed by the results of sensory evaluation (approximately the same scoring of the monitored descriptors).

The production of steamed cheese has a long tradition in Slovakia. Some of these cheeses have even received the PGI designation, which is a designation granted to products with specific geographical characteristics (Slovenská parenica, Zázrivské vojky, Zázrivský korbáčik, and Oravský korbáčik). In our study, eight samples of various unsmoked steamed cheese from small dairy farms (samples D, F, G, and H) and medium-sized farms (A, B, C, and E) were evaluated. Our work aimed to determine whether there are significant differences in sensory characteristics between samples from small and medium-sized dairy farms and whether there are differences in the preferences between these samples for consumers. Samples were evaluated by sensory analysis, where the assessors evaluated the characteristics of color, odor, texture, flavor, and overall appearance on a nine-point hedonic scale. Differences at a statistically significant level in the attributes of odor, texture, flavor, and overall appearance were confirmed (p <0.05) between samples from small and medium dairy farms, no statistically significant difference was proved in the attribute color (p >0.05). The results were processed using PCA, whereas can be seen from the graphic representation the carriers of all evaluated attributes were samples from medium-sized farms (except for sample D, which belonged to the first group of samples together with samples from medium-sized farms). We constructed a preferential map by combining internal and external mapping, while the internal data were formed by data obtained from assessors using sensory analysis and the external data came from an online questionnaire. Using the preferential mapping technique, we found out that samples from medium-sized dairy farms were classified as the most preferred samples which correspond with the results of sensory analysis.

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