RESUMO-A técnica Pressurized Mud Cap Drilling (PMCD) tem sido muito utilizada na perfuração de poços altamente fraturados, visto que esta técnica apresenta um controle preciso frente a extremas perdas de circulação e kicks, em comparação com as técnicas convencionais. O PMCD se dá por meio da injeção de um fluido viscoso na região anular e um fluido de sacrifício na coluna de perfuração. Esta operação não possui retorno para a superfície, o que possibilitou a perfuração de poços antes inviáveis. As principais etapas do PMCD, em um poço que sofreu um kick de gás, consistem, em linhas gerais, na migração de gás com o poço fechado e posterior indução deste fluido invasor para a formação rochosa através da etapa chamada de Bullheading. O Bullheading consiste na injeção de um fluido em contracorrente, para forçar o retorno do gás invasor de volta para o reservatório. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo o estudo da operação de Bullheading durante o uso da técnica PMCD, apresentando resultados de simulação e validação através de experimentos.
The oil well drilling process is a nonlinear system with transient nature. Conventional drilling is unable to assure safe and cost‐effective operation for fractured, cavernous, and highly permeable carbonate reservoirs, which contain the largest oil reserves worldwide. Concerning drilling technologies, Pressurized Mud Cap Drilling (PMCD) is suitable for the challenging scenario previously mentioned. According to PMCD technique, a sacrificial fluid is injected through the drill string and a light annular mud is pumped in countercurrent through the annulus region (bullheading), without surface return, forcing gas and drilled cuttings back to formation. A two‐phase flow distributed model (Drift Flux Model – DFM) is developed to properly describe the complex nature of the system. Also, an experimental facility, presenting field similarity, is employed to validate the open – closed loop schemes. The main objective of the controller (control reconfiguration with gain scheduling) is to regulate annulus pressure, handling gas kick, drilling fluid losses and inverse response dynamics. Besides, gas injection, migration and bullheading are studied. The simulations, validated through experimental data, highlight the methodology usefulness for field applications.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.