The solid solution of the perovskite type structure Ba0.996La0.004Ti1−yFeyO3 (BLTF) for varying iron content (y = 0.1−0.4 mol.%) was obtained as a result of a solid state reaction using the conventional method. At room temperature (Tr < TC), the as-received ceramics reveals a single-phase, tetragonal structure and a P4mm space group. An increase in the iron content causes a slight decrease in the volume of the elementary cell. In addition, this admixture significantly reduces the maximum permittivity value (εm) and the shift of the phase transition temperature (TC) towards lower temperatures. The BLTF solid solution shows a classical phase transition and low values of dielectric loss tangent (tgδ), both at room temperature and in the phase transition area. The Curie–Weiss temperature (T0) and Curie constant (C) were also determined on the basis of the dielectric measurements results. The analysis of temperature changes in DC conductivity revealed presence of the positive temperature coefficient of resistivity (PTCR) effect in the phase transition area.
Multiferroic Bi 7 Fe 3 Ti 3 O 21 ceramic materials having six perovskite-like layers were prepared by solid state reaction from simple oxides and sintered at 1263 K. The microstructure and magnetoelectric properties were investigated. Based on dielectric measurements, the value of magnetoelectric coupling coefficient was figured. The magnetization as a function of temperature and magnetic field at selected temperatures was examined. Additionally, the hysteresis loop at 2 K was measured. The molar concentration of magnetic ions Fe 3+ in the multiferroic Bi 7 Fe 3 Ti 3 O 21 compound was also determined.
Lanthanum-modified BaTiO3 electroceramic materials have superior dielectric and piezoelectric properties. Ba0.996La0.004Ti0.999O3 (BLT4) seems to be a serious candidate for ultracondensator applications. This manuscript describes the results of hafnium and europium modification of BLT 4 ceramics. The pure and doped ceramic materials were synthesized by the conventional mixed oxide method. The microstructure of obtained samples was examined by scanning electron microscope. The investigations reveal strong correlations between the presence of admixture and the grain size, which was especially visible in the case of the hafnium dopant. The frequency and temperature dielectric characteristics measurements revealed a decrease in electric permittivity. Moreover, the impedance spectroscopy investigations showed severe changes in grains and grain-boundary resistivity, which was connected with changes in electric conductivity.
Switched-mode power supplies are very efficient and commonly used components in products nowadays. However, due to currents switched at a high frequency, the conducted emission test is a high concern for designers. The market is increasingly demanding in terms of the size of the components and their efficiency. In order to meet market requirements and reduce the size of the power supply (both built into the product or standalone), the switching frequency of the SMPS is rising; hence the base frequency and its harmonics cover a frequency range of the conducted emission test. Due to this fact, the estimation of the test result becomes a great concern for the designer. This paper describes the approach that one can utilize to estimate the switched-mode power supply’s conducted emission as a standalone component with simulation tools using only the power supply being designed. The workflow, which is the result of this work, can be utilized in order to optimize the design of power suppliers from the conducted emission perspective.
Multiferroic solid solutions of Ba1−xLaxTi1−x/4O3 and iron (BLFT) were synthesized using the conventional mixed oxide method. The dependence of the piezoelectric coefficients on Fe content in BLFT ceramics was determined by the quasi-static and resonance method. The results indicate that 0.3 mol% addition of Fe3+ ions to the ceramic structure increased the value of the piezoelectric parameter d33 to the maximum of 159 pC/N. This puts BLFT ceramics among other good-quality and lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. A major enhancement of dielectric properties related to the manipulation of Fe content in the barium lanthanum titanate (BLT) ceramics system is reported as well.
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