Nitroguanidine is an individual explosive with an established reputation. It is widely used as a component of gunpowder, rocket propellants, and high explosives. Less known and appreciated, however, is its importance as a substrate in the synthesis of other explosive compounds with even better properties. In this work available information on synthetic methods, structure, and properties of compounds containing the nitroguanidine moiety was collected and analyzed. The most attention was paid to compounds that have already found practical applications and those with unique properties (high-performance, lowsensitivity), as well as compounds that can be further functionalized with energetic functional groups. The results of our literature search indicate that the nitroguanidine moiety should be treated as a particularly interesting building block from the point of view of the synthesis of new highenergy compounds.

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Three types of cross-linked porous organic polymers (either oxygen-, nitrogen-, or sulfur-doped) were carbonized under a chlorine atmosphere to obtain chars in the form of microporous heteroatom-doped carbons. The studied organic polymers constitute thermosetting resins obtained via sol-gel polycondensation of resorcinol and five-membered heterocyclic aldehydes (either furan, pyrrole, or thiophene). Carbonization under highly oxidative chlorine (concentrated and diluted Cl2 atmosphere) was compared with pyrolysis under an inert helium atmosphere. All pyrolyzed samples were additionally annealed under NH3. The influence of pyrolysis and additional annealing conditions on the carbon materials’ porosity and chemical composition was elucidated.

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