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Changes in the enzymatic activity of soil variably fertilized with NPKCa were investigated in a field experiment carried out in 2005–2010. The study was conducted with a legume plant, i.e. eastern galega (Galega orientalis Lam.). The experiment was completely randomized and carried out in three replications with the following mineral fertilization: control, N, P, K, NPK, NP, NK, PK, NPKCa, PKCa, Ca, NKCa, and NPCa. Mineral fertilization was applied in kg/ha: (N-20, P-50, K-160, Ca-150). The soil samples collected from the Ap horizon (0–30 cm) of the rhizosphere in spring after the 1^st, 2^nd and 3^rd swathing had a pH_KCl in range from 6.55 to 6.93. The activity of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase was at a low level. The highest activity of urease was recorded in the soil fertilized with NPK, whereas the highest activity of dehydrogenases was in the soil fertilized with PKCa.

The aim of this study is to determine the response of biomass yield and the content of K, Na, Ca and Mg in the eastern galega and soil under the influence of nitrogen in the form of (15NH4)2SO4. Three-year field experiment (2005–2007) was carried out on experimental plots belonging to the University of Natural Sciences - Humanities in Siedlce (52°17’N, 22°28’E). Nitrogen 15N was applied as ammonium sulphate at a dose of early spring 1.66 g N.m−2. In each year of the study were collected three cuts of eastern galega budding phase. Shown yield of dry weight of the test plant. The content of K, Na, Ca and Mg in the eastern galega and soil were determined by ICP-AES emission spectrometer with inductively coupled plasma. Subsequently, the uptake and marked weight ratios of macronutrients.Under the influence of nitrogen in the form of ammonium sulphate, dry matter yield of eastern galega (average of 3 years of research and 3 swaths) increased by 29.7%. Fertilisation with nitrogen contributed to the reduction of K content, increasing the content of Na, Ca, Mg, in a test plant and to increase the pick, all the elements analysed with the yield of biomass. Nitrogen fertilisation resulted in a reduction in the quantitative ratios K: (Ca + Mg), (K + Na) : (Ca + Mg), K: Ca, K : Mg and the total content of the analysed elements in the soil (average of the years).

Selected techniques of soil phytoremediation with the use of hyperaccumulative plants and trees are intended to outline the possibilities of using various hyperaccumulative plants, including trees, in the phytoremediation process of contaminated soil matrix. The potential of plants that belong to the group of hyperaccumulators is huge, especially in the case of pollution of large areas of agricultural, forest and urban soil. They can be used in the process of cleaning contaminated, industrially degraded areas and supplement the physical and physicochemical methods of remediation of contaminated areas.