Background and aims COVID-19 severity and mortality are elevated in individuals with diabetes. During the pandemic, interventions recommended globally for people with diabetes were to keep blood glucose on target whilst staying at home to curb the spread of the virus. In Brazil, similar measures were proposed. The aim of our observational study was to assess whether these measures achieved their objectives. Methods : An anonymous and untraceable survey was shared from April 22nd to May 4th. States with more than 30 respondents were included in the analysis and Fisher's exact test was performed to identify associations, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: Type 1 diabetes and female participants were prevalent, 60.76% and 76.12% respectively. 10 out of 26 states were included, in addition to the federal district (1562 responses). Only in three states (Bahia, Goiás and Pernambuco) less than 50% of the respondents experienced higher glycemia or higher variability during the pandemic. Goiás state, where almost half of the respondents (49.12%) have private insurance, presented the highest percentage of individuals receiving medicines for three months (35.48%) and one of the lowest percentages of blood glucose deterioration (47.17%). In the large states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, consultations and/or lab exams were postponed by 37.14%, 34.33% and 40.88%, respectively. Conclusions: The decentralized measures implemented by states in Brazil left most people with diabetes unprotected. Many were forced to venture outside to collect or to purchase their monthly medical supplies and reported increased glycemic levels and/or variability.

Background: Acceptance and adjustment to lifelong noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) pose a great challenge for individuals living with these conditions. Diabetes is one of the most prevalent NCDs, with type 1 diabetes usually diagnosed during childhood. Self-leadership is linked to internal and external factors that may motivate individuals with NCDs to play an active role as changemakers in their community or society. The Young Leaders in Diabetes (YLD) training, created to equip young people with skills that would benefit the population to which they belong, uses the Empowerment Ladder as a framework to identify their position relative to three leadership stages (self, community and society). Objective: To describe the stages and the ‘climbing’ process of the Empowerment Ladder and assess its suitability as a framework for use in a leadership training context. Method: From among 29 youth leaders who participated, 15 were selected (5 men and 10 women) and had their community engagement and activity analysed before and after training. Individuals were positioned on the Empowerment Ladder according to their past and current roles and activities. The difference between pre- and post-training test grades (delta scores) was calculated. Results: Post-training scores were significantly higher than pre-training scores (8.9 ± 0.54 vs 7.6 ± 1.08, p = .00084). Most individuals moved to a higher step on the Empowerment Ladder; however, three individuals, with delta scores lower than the median (0.1, 0.15 and 0.85) remained at their pre-YLD training level. Only one individual moved from Stage 1 (self) to Stage 3 (society). Another individual occupied two different steps at Stages 1 and 2 simultaneously because, although they demonstrated community leadership, they had not yet accepted their own health condition. Conclusion: The Empowerment Ladder proved a useful tool for identifying stages from self to broader levels of leadership in individuals living with type 1 diabetes. These initial findings need to be validated with a larger population, which includes other NCD groups.

BackgroundWe dont't have nationwide information about care and education of women with gestational diabetes in Finland. That's why we wanted to make a survey to find out how the care is organised both during the pregnancy and after the delivery.

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