Resilient designs offer the promise to remove increasingly large margins due to process, voltage, and temperature variations and take advantage of average-case data. However, proposed synchronous resilient schemes have either suffered from metastability or require modifying the architecture to add replaybased logic that recovers from timing errors, which leads to high timing error penalties and poses a design challenge in modern processors. This paper presents an asynchronous bundled-data resilient template called Blade that is robust to metastability issues, requires no replay-based logic, and has low timing error penalties. The template is supported by an automated design flow that synthesizes synchronous RTL designs to gate-level asynchronous Blade designs. The benefits of this flow are illustrated on Plasma, a 3-stage OpenCore MIPS CPU. Our results demonstrate that a nominal area overhead of the asynchronous template of less than 10% leads to a 19% performance boost over the synchronous design due to average-case data and a 30-40% improvement when synchronous PVT margins are considered. EDL
Differences in hoof balance between horses, mules and donkeys were identified in order to form more specific considerations for proper management of the animals. Measurements of the natural dimensions of hooves in sixty animals were used: 20 horses from the Crioulo breed, 20 mules and 20 donkeys from the Pêga breed. Liveweight was estimated using the correlation equations in each species by heart girth. Using a caliper rule, tape measure and hoof gauge, measurements of the length and width of the frog, hoof height, angle of heel, medial and lateral dorsal length, angle of the toe and crown circumference of the hooves of forelimbs and hindlimb were taken. Within each group the hooves of the hindlimbs exhibited narrower measurements than the hooves of the forelimbs and no difference was observed between the hoof angle of both members of groups. The conformation of the hooves of donkeys is shown to be substantially different from that observed in horses, the mules being in an intermediate condition, being smaller, angled and robust frog and proportionally more developed. Similarly, the hooves of donkeys provide greater support area compared to mules and horses, in descending order, even being dimensionally smaller. We conclude that the hooves of horses, mules and donkeys, have specific patterns of geometric balance that must be taken into consideration at the time of trimming and imbalance inferences.
Keywords
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.