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The treatment of big data as well as the rapid improvement in the speed of data processing are facilitated by the parallelization of computations, cloud computing as well as the increasing number of artificial intelligence techniques. These developments lead to the multiplication of applications and modeling techniques. Reliability engineering includes several research areas such as reliability, availability, maintainability, and safety (RAMS); prognostics and health management (PHM); and asset management (AM), aiming at the realization of the life cycle value. The expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) modeling techniques combined with the various research topics increases the difficulty of practitioners in identifying the appropriate methodologies and techniques applicable. The objective of this publication is to provide an overview of the different machine learning (ML) techniques from the perspective of traditional modeling techniques. Furthermore, it presents a methodology for data science application and how machine learning can be applied in each step. Then, it will demonstrate how ML techniques can be complementary to traditional approaches, and cases from the literature will be presented.

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In recent years, reliability engineering has seen significant growth in data-driven modeling, mainly due to the democratization of sensing technologies, big data processing, and computing capabilities. It has also seen a paradigm shift, with Engineering of Asset Management (EAM) becoming widely accepted as a high-level framework to support corporate policies and strategies. The rapid evolution of research leads to the development of multiple research communities, making it difficult for the uninitiated to navigate the literature. Indeed, system reliability encompasses several research subfields that focus on maximizing the life cycle of assets, including Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, and Safety (RAMS), Prognostics and Health Management (PHM), and Engineering of Asset Management. This article proposes a review of these concepts with the aim of identifying the different scientific communities, what differentiates them, and what connects them. It also addresses RAMS and PHM modeling techniques and highlights the significance of these disciplines in ensuring the functioning of complex systems. In summary, this article aims to clarify the interrelationship between the topics of reliability engineering, to simplify the search and selection for modeling methods.