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The purpose of the research is to build an experimental reactor to study and optimize the production of biogas and its composition from energy crops and other materials of organic origin. An experimental reactor in a biogas plant was constructed for the anaerobic digestion of various substrates. With the experimental reactor, anaerobic digestion can be performed with the basic substrate of pig manure and in different compositions of the substrate. The substrate can be assembled in various combinations of energy crops. The method of construction of the experimental reactor was based on the standard method DIN 38 414, also with the mentioned method we produce biogas under normal conditions from various substrates. The process also determines the quality of biogas or methane content. The built biogas reactor is a reduced version of the economic reactor and serves to optimize the production of biogas in economic conditions.