Three functional mouse flavin-containing monooxygenases (mFMOs) (i.e., mFMO1, mFMO3, and mFMO5) have been reported to be the major FMOs present in mouse liver. To examine the biochemical features of these enzymes, recombinant enzymes were expressed as maltose-binding protein fusion proteins (i.e., MBP-mFMO1, MBP-mFMO3, and MBP-mFMO5) in Escherichia coli and isolated and purified with affinity chromatography. The substrate specificity of these three mouse hepatic FMO enzymes were examined using a variety of substrates, including mercaptoimidazole, trimethylamine, S-methyl esonarimod, and an analog thereof, and a series of 10-(N,N-dimethylaminoalkyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenothiazine analogs. The kinetic parameters of the three mouse FMOs for these substrates were compared in an attempt to explore substrate structure--function relationships specific for each mFMO. Utilizing a common phenothiazine substrate for all three enzymes, we compared the pH dependence for the recombinant enzymes under similar conditions. In addition, thermal stability for mFMO1, mFMO3, and mFMO5 enzymes was examined in the presence and absence of NADPH. The results revealed unique features for mFMO5, suggesting possible impact on the functional significance of this abundantly expressed FMO5 isoform in both human and mouse liver.

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Issues surrounding the reaction to, and reception of, the Holocaust in post-war Germany are complex, owing to the differing politics in East and West Germany, and more recently, the reunified Federal Republic of Germany. The ideological differences between the East and the West far outweighed their geographical proximity and provided two contrasting outlooks on the Holocaust. During the initial post-war decades, the Holocaust was not the focus of much scholarly inquiry worldwide, suggesting that there was not an immediate engagement with the past. 1 Later, debates emerged about how best to engage with the Holocaust in the Germanies, and more broadly in terms of the Germans' coming to terms with their past, or Vergangenheitsbewältigung. This culminated in West Germany in the late 1980s with the Historikerstreit: a major public debate between left-and right-wing intellectuals, resulting from years of Vergangenheitsbewältigung discourse. This chapter examines the music used in a filmic response to the Holocaust from East and West Germany. The significantly differing musical scores from the two case studies, Jakob der

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