MLL complexes are homologs of yeast COMPASS capable of methylating histone H3 Lys4 (H3K4). ASH2L, RbBP5 and WDR5 are conserved subunits of MLL complexes with homology to the Cps40/Cps60, Cps50 and Cps30 subunits of COMPASS, respectively. We report that ASH2L differentially regulates MLL's catalysis of H3K4 trimethylation similarly to Cps40 and Cps60. Furthermore, WDR5 is required to maintain MLL complex integrity, including the stability of ASH2L within the complex. These findings offer insight into the molecular role of ASH2L, and by extension that of WDR5, in proper H3K4 trimethylation.

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In Wales, the National Leadership and Innovation Agency in Healthcare (NLIAH) Change Agent Team (CAT) has found that its service improvement methodology of Communities of Practice (CoP), where motivated frontline staff in health and social care come together to share issues and develop solutions to mutual problems, is a highly effective and informative tool. Health and social care organizations in Wales are in the process of working to develop processes and solutions to remedy the challenges they have over patients with long lengths of stay. This article shows how by speaking to the frontline staff, whose role it is to help people whose discharge is likely to be complex or problematic, they often have most insight into the solutions required to alleviate the situation. The learning in this article is that there is no one solution to improve the discharge process; however there are a number of small changes and improvements required, which if done consistently can have a significant impact. The findings here have been shared with Welsh government policy leads and health and social care executive teams to inform their planning and actions on how to resolve the challenge of reducing length of stay.