National and local initiatives focused on the transformation of STEM teaching in higher education have multiplied over the last decade. These initiatives often focus on measuring change in instructional practices, but it is difficult to monitor such change without a national picture of STEM educational practices, especially as characterized by common observational instruments. We characterized a snapshot of this landscape by conducting the first large scale observation-based study. We found that lecturing was prominent throughout the undergraduate STEM curriculum, even in classrooms with infrastructure designed to support active learning, indicating that further work is required to reform STEM education. Additionally, we established that STEM faculty’s instructional practices can vary substantially within a course, invalidating the commonly-used teaching evaluations based on a one-time observation.

We report a 12% incidence of adenovirus infections among 532 recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) from January 1986 through March 1997. The median time from day of stem cell infusion to first positive culture was 41 days. Recipients of allogeneic stem cells, as opposed to autologous stem cell recipients, were more likely to have a culture positive for adenovirus (16% vs. 3%; P<.0001). Pediatric patients were also more likely than adults to have a positive culture (23% vs. 9%; P<.0001). Among stem cell recipients with partially matched related donors, pediatric recipients appear to be at significantly greater risk for infection than adult recipients (P<.001). Positive cultures were associated with evidence of invasion in 64% of cases (41 of 64). A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that isolating adenovirus from more than 1 site correlated with greater risk for invasive infections (P=.002). Invasive infections were associated with poorer chance of survival.

Many Smart City projects are beginning to consider the role of citizens. However, current methods for engaging urban populations in participatory design (PD) activities are somewhat limited. In this article, we describe an approach taken to empower socially disadvantaged citizens, using a variety of both social and technological tools, in a Smart City project. Through analysing the nature of citizens’ concerns and proposed solutions, we explore the benefits of our approach, arguing that engaging citizens can uncover hyper-local concerns that provide a foundation for finding solutions to address citizen concerns. By reflecting on our approach, we identify four key challenges to utilising PD at an urban scale; balancing scale with the personal, who has control of the process, who is participating and integrating citizen-led work with local authorities. By addressing these challenges, we will be able to truly engage citizens as collaborators in co-designing their city.

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Introduction Electric scooters (e-scooters) are rife but are yet to be legalised in the UK. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether there had been an increase in the number of e-scooter injuries referred to the oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) service at our unit. We present here what is, to our knowledge, the largest dataset regarding e-scooter-related injuries in the UK. Method A double cohort study in which details of patients sustaining e-scooter-related injuries that were referred to the OMFS department were collected, prospectively, for a 16-week period in 2020 (investigation period). This was compared with data collected, retrospectively, from the emergency department (ED) referral database for the same date range in 2019 (control period). Results In the investigation period, 12/649 referrals to OMFS from the ED were for e-scooter-related injuries. There were eight male patients and four female patients with a mean age of 35 years (interquartile range 24-48). Of these, only one patient was wearing a helmet and 8/12 had consumed alcohol. Head and neck injuries sustained included avulsed teeth, mandibular and midface fractures, skull fractures, facial lacerations and cervical spine injuries. One patient died as a result of their injuries. During the control period, 2/997 ED referrals to OMFS were for e-scooter-related injuries (12/649 versus 2/997; Fisher's exact test p <0.001). Conclusion There was a significant rise in e-scooter-related injuries seen at our major trauma unit compared with 2019. We recommend that e-scooters are subject to at least the same requirements in safety equipment and sobriety as bicycles and that their top speed is limited to 12.5 mph. We hope that these measures will allow the benefits of this technology to be enjoyed while reducing associated morbidity and mortality.