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On April 6, 2009 an earthquake of Magnitude 6.2 (M w ) struck the Abbruzzo region of Italy causing widespread damage to buildings in the city of L'Aquila and surrounding areas. This paper summarizes field observations made by the Earthquake Engineering Field Investigation Team (EEFIT) after the event. The paper presents an overview of seismological and geotechnical aspects of the earthquake as well as a summary of the observed damage to buildings and infrastructure. A brief overview of the earthquake casualties is also reported.

At 06:50 on Monday 14 th August 2017, a hillslope on the Freetown Peninsula, Sierra Leone, collapsed, sending 300,000 m 3 of debris into the flooded valley below. As this debris mixed with floodwater it became a sediment-laden flood which entered a drainage channel and travelled 6 km to the coastline. The event destroyed nearly 400 buildings, claimed the lives of an estimated 1,100 people and affected approximately 5,000 people. The mechanism was a two-stage rainfall-triggered landslide followed by a channelised debris-laden flood. The processes were similar to the nearby 1945 event in Charlotte, which killed at least 13 people.

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