For over 75 years, continuous bioprocessing has been investigated in both academia and industry as an alternative to batch bioprocessing. Many classic textbooks have major sections on continuous bioprocessing (e.g., Aiba et al

Hydrodynamic phenomena in microcarrier cultures are investigated with regard to the development of improved reactor designs for large‐scale operations. New concepts and theoretical models that describe new data as well as previously published data are presented.

Animal cells are exposed to turbulent fluid flow in many cell culture processes. If the turbulence in the flow is sufficiently strong, the cells will be damaged or killed by fluid-mechanical forces. Through an increase in viscosity, the turbulence can be damped and the hydro-dynamic damage can be reduced. In this article, new experimental results are presented which illustrate the protective effect of thickening agents. The results follow the prediction of a model based on Kolmogorov's theory of universal equilibrium in turbulent flow fields.

Hydrodynamic phenomena in microcarrier cultures are investigated with regard to the development of improved reactor designs for large-scale operations. New concepts and theoretical models that describe new data as well as previously published data are presented.