Background:We recently reported that a novel CXCR5 + IFN-γ + CD8 + T cell subset significantly inhibits posttransplant alloantibody production in a murine transplant model. These findings prompted the current study to investigate the association of human CD8 + T cells with the same phenotype with the development of de novo donor-specific antibody (DSA) after kidney transplantation. Methods:In the current studies, we prospectively and serially analyzed peripheral blood CD8 + and CD4 + T cell subsets and monitored for the development of de novo DSA in kidney transplant recipients during the first year posttransplant. We report results on 95 first-time human kidney transplant recipients with 1-year follow-up.