It is commonly believed that the vast majority of insect species living in tropical forests do not survive in areas that have been clear-cut. Even species for which resources in clearings are suitable generally disappear. Tropical forest dung beetles exemplify this phenomenon (South America-Howden & Nealis 1975, Africa-Cambefort 1984, SouthEast Asia-Hanski unpubl.), presumably because of the radical change in microclimate that occurs when forest is cleared (Howden & Nealis 1975). The effects of forestry practices less drastic than clear-cutting on insect faunas remain poorly known (Holloway 1987, Wolda 1987, Wolda et al. 1983). For dung beetles, there are no comparisons between the species assemblages of virgin and managed forests. Here we report such a comparison in the Kibale Forest region in Uganda. The Kibale Forest is a medium-altitude moist evergreen forest in western Uganda (0° 27' N, 30° 26' E, 1500 m altitude). The forest area is about 550 km 2 , and is isolated by about 50 km from other forest areas (Struhsaker 1975). The annual rainfall is about 1500 mm with two rainy seasons from late August to early December and from early March to early May. A long-term study of forestry practices in the Kibale Forest has yielded results on treefalls (Skorupa

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Comparisons of relative habitat use of red and blue duikers [Cephalophus natalensis A. Smith 1843 and C. monticola (Thunberg 1789)], bush pigs [Potamochoerus porcus (L. 1758)] and elephants in two natural forests, and to selectively felled forests were carried out by monthly censuses of duiker pellet groups/elephant dung and bush pig diggings during 1 year in 1983-84. The amount of duiker dung and bush pig diggings varied greatly between and within the different areas. The highest density of duiker pellet groups was found in a part of the lightly logged forest. In the number of diggings there were no significant differences between the forest areas. The number of pellets found correlated negatively, and the number of diggings found correlated positively with the rainfall of the previous month. The number of elephants in the Kibale Forest is roughly 1/5 of that recorded 20 years earlier. Elephants preferred selectively felled areas.

Summary Herbivory was studied in five different forest habitats (two virgin, two selectively felled and one exotic pine plantation) during 13 months by taking eight random samples of 50 living leaves from the forest floor vegetation per month. The leaves were classified in the field as untouched (0% consumed) or heavily damaged (over 25% consumed). The percentage of untouched leaves varied between 40 and 0·5% and of heavily damaged leaves between 25 and 0·2%. No clear seasonality in the amount of herbivory was detected. The exotic pine plantation had significantly fewer untouched leaves than two selectively felled forest sites, which differed significantly from each other in the percentage of heavily damaged leaves. Diurnal invertebrate herbivores from the same sites were collected by sweep netting. No clear correlations between leaf damage and the numbers of invertebrate herbivores were detected. Résumé On a étudié l'herbivorie dans cinq habitats forestiers différents‐deux intacts, deux où des arbres ont été sélectivement abattus et une plantation de pins exotiquesen récoltant par mois, pendant treize mois, huit échantillons de 50 feuilles vivantes prises au hasard dans la végétation forestière. Sur place, les feuilles étaient classées comme intactes (0% consommé) ou fortement abîmées (plus de 25% consommés). Le pourcentage de feuilles intactes variait entre 40 et 0,5% et celui des feuilles fortement abîmées, de 25 à 0,2%. La variation des pourcentages ne semble pas liée aux différentes saisons. La plantation de pins exotiques avait significativement moins de feuilles intactes que les deux endroits sélectivement exploités qui différaient significativement de chacun des deux autres en ce qui concerne le pourcentage de feuilles fortement abîmées. On a récolté au moyen d'un filet les invertébrés herbivores diurnes sur ces mêmes sites. On n'a détecté aucune corrélation claire entre les dommages causés aux feuilles et le nombre d'invertébrés herbivores.