Medicines are of paramount importance in the treatment of diseases, however, their indiscriminate use can cause health risks, mainly through the practice of self-medication. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and epidemiological profile of individuals with intoxications resulting from the practice of self-medication in Brazil. This is an ecological, descriptive, quantitative, population-based study, using secondary data, in which an epidemiological survey was carried out of cases of diseases and conditions due to exogenous intoxication reported in Brazil, in the period from 2010 to 2017, obtained in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). Assessing aspects related to notification by toxic agent, 1st symptom and evolution, circumstance, region of notification, Federative Unit and toxic agent-drug. The data were tabulated using the Tabnet program, which were then exported and analyzed in the Microsoft Office Excel 2019 program. Based on the results, it was observed that 565,271 cases were reported by toxic agents in the period 2010-2017 in Brazil. Of these, it was found that the drug was the most frequent toxic agent, corresponding to 298,976 (52.8%) of the total cases. The predominant circumstance of the use of the toxic agent-drug occurred was accidental, 42,968 (36.3%) cases. Regarding evolution, healing without damage stands out for representing the majority of cases 249.372 (84.9%). It is noted the proportional growth of notification by toxic agent per year and the region of Brazil with the highest prevalence was the Southeast (51%) and the Federative Unit was São Paulo. Thus, the results indicate that there was an increase in the frequency of notifications, resulting from the irrational and indiscriminate use of medicines in the country.

The chronic and indiscriminate use of benzodiazepines (BZD’s) can have many adverse effects, which can lead to tolerance, dependence and withdrawal crises. Thus, the objective is to identify which BZD’s are most used in Brazil, outlining the profile of users of this pharmacological class. A literature review was carried out with articles indexed in the scientific bases Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Virtual Health Library (VHL) and PubMed, in the time frame from 2010 to 2020, using the following descriptors: “Benzodiazepines”, “Use of medicines", "Disorder related to substance use", Abuse", "Intoxication". A total of 220 articles were found in the initial selection, with 97 articles from the Scielo database, 67 from the VHL and 56 from PubMed. Being listed 13 articles (Scielo: 05, VHL: 05, PubMed: 03) as relevant, which were selected for complete analysis and construction of this study. In the studies listed, the most consumed BZD’s was Lorazepam, however in cases of anxiety Clonazepam is the drug of first choice. Regarding the profile of users of BZD’s, the age group that most use these drugs is the elderly, concerning the use of high doses of BZD’s, it was observed that younger patients, male, single and less educated are more associated sensitive. We conclude then, a high prevalence of the use of BZD’s, mainly in developed countries, which can be characterized by stress, anxiety and insomnia experienced by people in their daily lives.

A alteração farmacocinética e farmacodinâmica de medicamentos, em virtude de comprometimento da função renal, é frequentemente observada. Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde - OMS (2015), é possível perder até 90% da função renal antes de manifestar qualquer sintoma. O objetivo deste trabalho foi confeccionar uma tabela prática para consulta de antibióticos que necessitam de ajustes em pacientes com insuficiência renal. Realizou-se um estudo documental, descritivo e analítico com abordagem qualitativa a partir da análise da farmacocinética dos antibióticos padronizados do Hospital Universitário do Piauí buscando identificar a necessidade de ajustes de doses e frequências de uso conforme a função renal do paciente. Para a execução do estudo foram consultadas referências descritas em bulas para profissionais da saúde, sendo as informações comparadas às referências descritas em guias farmacoterapêuticos dos principais hospitais de excelência do Brasil segundo o Ministério da Saúde, e o guia Standford, além de revisões de literatura. Os antimicrobianos foram organizados por classe farmacológica, descrevendo o ajuste da dose, a depender do clearence de creatina, e dose suplementar após hemodiálise. Apesar das orientações a respeito do ajuste posológico em pacientes com insuficiência renal, permanecem ainda dúvidas, pois existem outros fatores que influenciam nessa correção como o método dialítico empregado na hemodiálise que compreende: intermitente ou convencional, ultrafiltração, diálise de baixa eficiência. O presente trabalho gerou uma tabela de consulta rápida com finalidade de esclarecer dúvidas na prescrição ou dispensação dos antimicrobianos padronizados no hospital, promovendo assim terapêutica antimicrobiana mais segura e eficiente.

The work aims to present the benefits of the use of the Swiss ball by parturients to relieve pain in labor. Searches were carried out in the MEDLINE, LILACS and SCIELO databases. The inclusion criteria for the studies were: research that addressed the theme, published in Portuguese, English or Spanish, in the format of original articles, as well as randomized, controlled experimental studies, from November to December 2019. Obtained as result 47 articles initially identified by means of the researched databases, of these six publications were selected that met the inclusion criteria and answered the research question of this review. The studies analyzed showed that the Swiss ball induces a significant reduction in pain during labor. It is concluded that there are benefits for parturients when using the Swiss ball, reducing their levels of anxiety, discomfort and consequently facilitating the process for vaginal delivery.

O uso de antibióticos na prescrição clinica tem contribuído grandemente para tratamentos de pacientes intra-hospitalares, combatendo infecções bacterianas. Apesar dessa grande contribuição, surge uma outra preocupação, que é geração de  resistência bacteriana.Essa resistência bacteriana aos antibióticos é atualmente uma questão de saúde pública, com destaque mundial. O objetivo da pesquisa foi verificar na literatura cientifica brasileira, os riscos do uso dos antibióticos no desenvolvimento de bactérias multirresistentes nos âmbito hospitalar. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica de cunho descritivo, realizada nas principais bases de dados como Scielo, google acadêmico, pub med. O levantamento bibliográfico permitiu verificar que a resistência bacteriana atualmente representa um problema de saúde grave e requer constante vigilância epidemiológica. Medidas sócio educativas, afim de promover o uso racional desses medicamentos, devem ser implementadas, principalmente no ambiente hospitalar, onde essa prática é ainda mais preocupante. É necessário destacar o importante papel dos profissionais de saúde no controle da infecção hospitalar, e uso indiscriminado de antibióticos no desenvolvimento de cepas multirresistentes.