Background
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are especially vulnerable to infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Aim
The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among HCWs from February 24
th
to April 30
th
, 2020, in a hospital in Madrid, Spain.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study. Cumulative COVID-19 incidence was calculated for all HCWs and categorized according to presumed level of COVID-19 exposure (high, medium, and low).
Findings
Among 1911 HCWs, 213 (11.1%) had COVID-19 during the study period. Cases increased gradually from March 8
th
, peaking on March 17
th
and declining thereafter. The peak of cases among HCWs was reached 14 days before the peak in admitted COVID-19 cases in the hospital. There were no significant differences in the proportion of COVID-19 cases according to level of occupational exposure (
P
= 0.123). There were five departments and two professions in which >20% of the workers had confirmed COVID-19. Temporal clusters were identified in three of these departments and one profession, with most of the cases occurring over a period of less than five days. The prevalence of comorbidities was low and 91.5% of patients had mild or moderate symptoms. Eleven patients were admitted to the hospital and one patient needed intensive care. None of the patients died. The median time of sick leave was 20 (interquartile range: 15–26) days.
Conclusion
The results suggest that HCW–HCW transmission accounted for part of the cases. In spite of a low prevalence of comorbidities and a mild clinical course in most cases, COVID-19 caused long periods of sick leave.
A significant number of patients were classified correctly using TE, LSPS, and VRI; however, LSPS and VRI had unacceptable rates of misdiagnoses. TE is the best noninvasive single method and the Baveno VI strategy the best combined method.
Se construyó un cuestionario de dilemas que permitiera caracterizar las concepciones de profesores y orientadores acerca del proceso de inclusión educativa, con un foco en la discapacidad intelectual en la enseñanza secundaria. El propósito del estudio fue describir dichas concepciones, junto con explorar sus relaciones con las variables de especialidad y experiencia profesional de los participantes. Se ha elaborado un esquema conceptual de 12 subdimensiones que representan núcleos de contenido relevantes para abordar las distintas perspectivas que pueden mantenerse acerca de los procesos de inclusión, organizadas en 3 dimensiones: teorías sobre las dificultades de aprendizaje, perspectivas sobre la organización escolar, y valores educativos. El cuestionario fue aplicado a una muestra conformada por 51 profesionales en ejercicio (profesores de secundaria y orientadores) y 41 estudiantes (de ambas especialidades) de la Comunidad de Madrid, en sus respectivos lugares de trabajo y estudio. Los resultados señalan que es posible identificar 3 tipologías de concepciones, que se han denominado: segregadores, integradores e inclusivos, y que éstas se relacionan con la especialidad y experiencia de los participantes.
Escuchando a los niños: Significados sobre aprendizaje y participación como ejes centrales de los procesos de inclusión educativa en un estudio en escuelas públicas en Chile * Listening to children: Meanings about learning and participation as central concepts of inclusive education processes of a study in public schools in Chile Ouvindo as crianças: Significados sobre aprendizagem e participação como eixos centrais dos processos de inclusão em um estudo em escolas públicas no Chile
El presente estudio pretende explorar el contenido, las variables contextuales moduladoras y la agrupación en perfiles, de las concepciones psicopedagógicas que diferentes profesionales tienen sobre los procesos de inclusión educativa. Como parte de un proyecto de investigación más amplio en el que se han utilizado diversas aproximaciones metodológicas, en este estudio aplicamos un cuestionario de dilemas a una muestra de 220 profesores y orientadores de
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