BackgroundPatients’ satisfaction is an indicator of the quality of healthcare services. Its measurement involves developing and validating complex instruments. The purpose of this study was to validate a scale for measuring hemodialysis patients’ satisfaction with the provided care, the Scale for Evaluation of Hemodialysis Patient’s Satisfaction with Service provided at a Chronic Kidney Disease Unit (or ESUR-HD, its acronym in Spanish).MethodsThe instrument was applied to 370 patients undergoing hemodialysis for undertaking exploratory and confirmatory analyses, internal consistency assessment, and Rasch analysis. In order to assure test-retest reliability, the instrument was applied once again to 54 patients after 2 days. Convergent validity was assessed by estimating correlation coefficients based on the results of 2 instruments (ESUR-HD and SDIALOR) simultaneously applied in 70 patients. Sensitivity to change was assessed in 40 patients by comparing the scale scores before and after an intervention consisting of improved care conditions.ResultsIn the 44 items of the scale a 9-factor structure was found (1: Facilities and organization of the service. 2: Care provided by the attending nurses and/or nursing assistants. 3: Attention to psychological and administrative issues. 4: Contact and social work personnel. 5: Medical attention and care. 6: Nutritional attention and care. 7: Medications supply and quality. 8: Features of the admission process. 9: Attention and care provided by head nurses). Chronbach alpha for the scale was 0.96. Lin’s concordance correlation for the whole scale was 0.85. Although statistically different from 0, low correlation values with dimensions from another scale measuring the same attribute were found. The scale could detect construct changes through increased scores in specific dimensions following an intervention aimed at enhancing satisfaction. Rasch analysis located improperly fit items and suggested reducing items measurement levels. Despite the effect encountered, Rasch analysis showed the scale might not capture variability in upper attribute levels.ConclusionThe ESUR-HD scale measures hemodialysis patients’ satisfaction in one dimension with 9 domains. Validity and reliability are adequate. The instrument may detect changes in the construct. Subsequent versions of the scale should include new items allowing improved discrimination amongst high satisfaction levels.Trial registration 10.1186/ISRCTN45318400. April 05, 2017
<p><strong>Antecedentes:</strong> La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) conlleva una alta morbimortalidad; los programas de prevención son eficaces para lograr mejores desenlaces clínicos.</p><p><strong>Objetivo: </strong>Determinar la frecuencia de inicio de diálisis y mortalidad en un grupo de adultos con ERC avanzada y evaluar qué variables clínicas y demográficas se asocian con estos desenlaces.</p><p><strong>Materiales y métodos:</strong> Estudio de cohorte retrospectiva en el que se evaluaron 511 pacientes con ERC en estadios 3 a 5, admitidos en un programa de prevención entre abril 2010 y mayo 2013. Se calcularon tasas de densidad de incidencia. La asociación entre los factores clínicos y demográficos con los desenlaces se evaluó usando regresión de Cox.</p><p><strong>Resultados:</strong> Los 551 pacientes evaluados contribuyeron con 1.199 años-riesgo; del total de pacientes 301 (54,6%) fueron mujeres; la media de edad fue de 75,8 años; las principales causas de ERC fueron hipertensión 431 (78,2%) y diabetes 101 (18,3%). Al ingreso al estudio, la mediana de tasa de filtración glomerular (TFG) fue 40,9 ml/min/1,73m² y la de índice de masa corporal IMC fue de 22,9 kg/m².</p><p>La tasa de inicio de diálisis fue 2,1 por 100 pacientes-año; se observó que otras causas de ERC (diferentes a hipertensión) y la diabetes, predicen mayor riesgo de inicio de diálisis, por el contrario, la mayor TFG y la mayor edad, menor riesgo.</p><p>La tasa de mortalidad fue 2.9 por 100 pacientes-año, los mejores predictores encontrados para este desenlace fueron TFG, IMC y sexo masculino; la elevación de la TFG y del IMC, están asociadas con menor riesgo. <br /> <strong>Conclusión:</strong> La mayor TFG disminuye el riesgo para ambos desenlaces; a diferencia de otros estudios, la edad avanzada parece ser predictor de bajo riesgo de mortalidad y no fue un buen predictor de inicio de diálisis.</p>
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