Background. The risk of acquiring COVID-19 during a pandemic is a major concern among health care workers. Dental professionals being in close proximity to the patients had been exposed more than other health care workers. Hence, all the standard operating procedures (SOPs) are strictly advised to be followed. Methods. A detailed relevant literature search was conducted in international databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct, from January 2020 to November 2020. All the studies that provided recommendations regarding endodontic procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic were included, and those that were not in the English language, case reports, book chapters, and short communications were excluded in this review. In the end, only 6 articles were selected for the systematic review considering that complete information regarding the provision of dental care in the time of COVID-19 with diagnostic accuracy (STARD) was provided. Results. Endodontic treatments were restricted to only emergency dental procedures, and all other patients have advised medications and catered through teledentistry. Endodontic emergencies were advised to be carried out with minimal aerosol production procedures. Conclusion. Provision of endodontic care during COVID-19 restricted to only emergency dental procedures by strictly following standard operating procedures. A protocol for COVID-19 prevention was followed by all the dentists and the dental staff in the dental clinics.

This study aims to identify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological health and dental practice of oral health-care workers (OHCWs). The search for relevant literature was carried out online using PubMed, Web of science, and science direct databases from January 2020 to February 2021. Those articles were included that provided complete information about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on oral health-care workers during covid-19 and were original articles and reviews. Those articles were excluded from the current study that was not in English Language and involved case reports/book chapters/short communications. Finally, only 8 articles were selected for the scoping review considering that complete information regarding the provision of dental care in the time of COVID-19 was provided. Increased psychological distress (especially those with existing comorbidities) was noted among the OHCWs during this pandemic. They had enough knowledge about COVID-19 and showed concern regarding the future of dentistry. Either complete or partial closure of dental clinics had introduced financial constraints among them. However, the majority of them did not switch their profession. The institutions were not prepared for any such situation and no training was conducted to control the spread of COVID-19 infection. OHCWs are fully aware of the knowledge regarding COVID-19 and showed concerns for dentistry and dental health-care workers during this pandemic. Complete or partial closure of dental clinics has had adverse effects on the future of dentistry, economically as well as psychologically. Institutions need to upgrade and strengthen their systems to cater to any such situation efficiently. Proper counseling sessions should be conducted for the OHCWs to monitor, identify and treat the cases found.

Background: So far more than 253 million cases & more than 5 million casualties worldwide, while more than 1 million cases and more than 28 thousand casualties have been reported in Pakistan due to pandemic of Novel Corona Virus (COVID19). At the end of December 2019, a pneumonia outbreak began in Wuhan China, which then quickly spread to entire world. The viral pneumonia was named “Corona Virus Disease (COVID19)” by WHO on 11th February 2020. On March 11, 2020; WHO declared this outbreak as “Pandemic”. Its mode of transmission includes contact transmission through mucous membranes of nose, mouth & fomites, and direct transmission through sneeze, cough and inhalation of droplets. It can be transmitted indirectly or directly via saliva, aerosols formed throughout clinical procedures and via contact. Clinical symptoms included fever, muscle ache or pain, cough. Incubation period of 1–14 days. In this pandemic, dentists are rated as highly exposed health care professionals to this disease Aims: To describe Coronaviruses and its modes of transmission and to discuss treatment considerations and precautionary measures or clinical strategies adopted by Oral health professionals to protect themselves and to prevent the spread of coronavirus in the dental setup Methodology: Since it’s a Literature review article, so no methodology was required as such Results: It’s a Literature review article Conclusion Standard precautionary measures and highly responsible behavior of a dentist will prevent the spread of this disease especially from asymptomatic patients. Keywords Aerosols generation, COVID-19, Dental procedures, Oral health professionals, Pandemic, Precautionary measures

Background Cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) has been defined as “unpredicted & the quick halt/stop in the breathing of patients or/and circulation due to numerous reasons. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation incorporates complete hard work & the practices for the reviving of that individual/person who is in the heart failure. All of the wellbeing professionals, including oral/dental experts, have to be trained and prepared enough to oversee health linked crises. Aim: To see student’s skills of latest CPR guiding principles Study design: Cross-sectional study Place and duration of study: This study of 3 months duration was carried on students of Multan dental college Multan. Methodology: Eighty Students were chosen randomly. Knowledge concerning CPR was appraised by objective type printed paper. Practical skills/ expertise was then appraised by the SimMan (the high-fidelity simulator). The paper embraced of eighteen true false and 7 MCQ’s. Every query was of one mark and the passing score was 50%. Results: Men were thirty two while ladies were forty eight. 66(82.5%) participants failed in initial assessment, 72(90%) students reported failure due to compression rate error, 58(72.5%) subjects were failed due to ventilation rate error and 61(76.25%) students failed due to wrong hand position Conclusion: Level of the knowledge in addition to training concerning the medicinal emergencies of students is below and less than required standard. Hence, it is imperative to place the correct strategies & plans in place to fortify zones of weakness. Keywords: Basic life support, Cardio-pulmonary arrest, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, guiding principles, Medical emergencies

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