Background: Patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or other mental or physical limitations experience an imbalance in the frequency of dental treatment as compared with the general patient population, in part, due to inadequate pre-graduate training of future dentists. Case presentation: This case report describes a successful anterior tooth restoration, in awake state, in a 15-year-old boy with early childhood autism. The procedure was carried out independently by students of dentistry within the scope of their integrated clinical training semesters. Desensitization sessions were used as a preparatory measure and elements of behavioral facilitation (tell-show-feel-feel-do) were applied during the treatment. Conclusions: To avoid discrimination of this group of patients in the provision and quality of dental care, a structured approach to the transfer of theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of special care dentistry is indispensable. To this end, treatment strategies for special care patients should be taught to pre-graduate dental students as a fundamental part of their university curriculum.

The carried out transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis of steels 316L and TWIP, has shown that important mechanisms of plastic deformation are mechanical twinning, shear band formation and deformation martensitic transformations. Mechanical twinning is a characteristic feature of a plastic deformation at ε ≈ (20–50) % deformation degrees. At ε = (20–70) % the basic contribution in plastic deformation of a material brings shear band formation. The contribution deformation martensitic transformations into plastic deformation is defined by level of phase instability of steels.

No abstract

No abstract

Press-hardening is a comparatively time consuming forming process since both forming as well as quenching is performed in the die tool. In order to accelerate this process, an alternative cooling strategy is considered which is based on spray cooling outside the die tool. The object of our investigation is 22MnB5 material. Quenching tests show that sufficient cooling rates greater than 50 K/s can be obtained by means of water-air spray cooling using two-component nozzles. The strength values and fracture strains realised here correspond to the mechanical properties attainable during press-hardening. Furthermore, a plant design is presented which is suitable for cooling vehicle body parts such as tunnels in order to reduce the turnaround time by means of prematurely removing the components from the die-forming tool and subsequently cooling in a spray field.