Objectives: Mobile phone addiction among children and adolescents has become a concern for all. To date, focuses have been given to Internet addiction, but comprehensive overview of mobile phone addiction is lacking. The review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of mobile phone addiction among children and adolescents. Methods: Electronic databases search included Medline, Proquest, Pubmed, EBSCO host, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, OVID, Springer, Wiley online library, and Science Direct. Inclusion criteria were studies including children and adolescents, studies published in peer-reviewed journals, and studies focusing on mobile phone addiction or problematic use of mobile phone. A systematic search identified 12 descriptive studies, which met inclusion criteria, but no interventional study met the criteria. Results: The prevalence of problematic mobile phone use was found to be 6.3% in the overall population (6.1% among boys and 6.5% among girls), whereas another study found 16% among the adolescents. The review finds that excessive or overuse of mobile phone was associated with feeling insecurity; staying up late at night; impaired parent-child relationship; impaired school relationships; psychological problems such as behavioral addiction like compulsive buying and pathological gambling, low mood, tension and anxiety, leisure boredom, and behavioral problems, among which most pronounced association was observed for hyperactivity followed by conduct problems and emotional symptoms. Conclusions: Though mobile phone use helps in maintaining social relationship, mobile phone addiction among children and adolescents needs urgent attention. Interventional studies are needed to address these emerging issues.

Purpose of review Social media's role in a user's life has increased dramatically over the past decade. It is used increasingly as a leisure activity amongst young adults. The types of social media have also diversified with time and the ease of access is worrying. Aim of the current review is to find the effect of social media use on mental health. Recent findings Systematic search of articles was carried out from different database from 1991 to February 2020 across five databases. The PICO guidelines, PRISMA flow diagram and Rayyan software were used in identifying relevant studies which were assessed using the risk of bias. Cross-referencing was done with the co-authors. A total of 16 studies was finally included in the review. Social media role is far reaching both in terms of an individual's self-perception and mood but also on their social relationships. It is interesting to find its effect also in politics, organizations and even psychiatric illnesses. The 16 studies were divided into the positive, negative and neutral effects of social media. Summary Debate over social media's role on mental health will continue till a greater number of RCTs are conducted. Various variables amongst different age groups should be measured. It would also be beneficial if longitudinal research can be done.

Objective. The study sought to explore the relationship between levels of stress and resilience with the use of the mobile phone in nursing students. Methods. Cross-sectional study conducted with 102 nursing students from several Nursing schools in India who were invited to participate in the research. The data were gathered by using the following instruments: Perceived Stress Scale(PSS) by Cohen, The Connor-Davidson Resilience scale (CD-RISC), and Mobile Phone Involvement Questionnaire(MPIQ)by Walsh. Results. Most of the participants were women (94.1%), studying in the undergraduate (70.6%), with a mean age of 25.2 years. In all, 77.5% of the students had stress perception between moderate and high, 20.6% had high resilience capacity, and 25.5% were frequent mobile phone users. Perceived stress was correlated significantly and negatively with age and resilience capacity. Graduate students had greater capacity to recover than undergraduate students. Conclusion. This study indicates the negative relation of resilience capacity with stress and the use of mobile phones among nursing students. Hence, it is necessary for institutions preparing nurses to develop intervention strategies to enhance the resilience capacity, improve skills to manage stress, and healthy use of the mobile phone.Descriptors: stress, physiological; resilience, psychological; students, nursing; cell phone use; cross-sectional studies; surveys and questionnaires.How to cite this article: Sahu M, Gandhi S, Sharma MK, Marimuthu P. Perceived stress and resilience and their relationship with the use of mobile phone among nursing students. Invest. Educ. Enferm. 2019; 37(3):e05.

Introduction The growing COVID-19 pandemic has posed a great threat to millions of people worldwide. Nurses and nursing students are an important group of health professionals who are most likely to face many challenges in this unprecedented scenario. The present study aimed at exploring nurses’ and nursing students’ perception of psychological preparedness for the pandemic (COVID-19) management. Materials & methods The study employed a quantitative cross-sectional online survey research design. Purposive sampling was used with an attempt to represent the entire nurses (i.e. nursing officers, nurse administrators and nursing teachers) and nursing students’ group of India. The survey link including the questionnaires was shared to their email ID and they were invited to participate in the study. Data were collected using Psychological Preparedness for Disaster Threat Scale (PPDTS)–Modified, General Self Efficacy (GSE) Scale, Optimism Scale and Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRS). Totally 685 responses were received and 676 forms were completed which were analyzed using SPSS software (version 24). Results The mean age of the subjects was 31.72±9.58 years. Around 20% of the subjects previously had some kind of psychological training and 4% of the subjects had taken care of persons with COVID-19. Findings revealed that mean score for PPDTS, GSE, BRCS and Optimism was 73.44±10.82, 33.19±5.23, 16.79±2.73 and 9.61±2.26 respectively indicating that the subjects had moderate level of psychological preparedness, self-efficacy and resilience but higher level of optimism. Psychological preparedness, self-efficacy, optimism and resilience were positively correlated to each other. Self- efficacy, optimism, and resilience emerged as predictors of psychological preparedness. Conclusion The findings suggested that self-efficacy, optimism and resilience can be considered as predictors for psychological preparedness in pandemic management. Appropriate training could influence self-efficacy while programs addressing resilience and coping may strengthen psychological preparedness which can help in further management of ongoing pandemic.