No abstract

No abstract

The relationship between herbivorous insects and plants is an example of an ‘evolutionary arms race’. Understanding the relationship between insects and their host plants makes it possible to determine critical points in the bioecology of these herbivores. In this relationship, insects and plants use strategies to overcome, avoid and mitigate the actions of the other. Insect‐induced galls are one of the great examples of this ‘arms race’. Psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) are among the most important gall‐inducing insects. The psyllid Triozoida limbata (Triozidae) is an important pest of guava (Psidium guajava) in the Neotropics. Thus, this work aimed to determine the morphological, anatomical, and biochemical changes in guava leaves caused by T. limbata to study the ‘arms race’ between these two organisms. Therefore, the process of gall formation on guava leaves during the psyllid life cycle was described. A comparative study of the anatomy and levels of phytohormones in leaves attacked and not attacked by the psyllid was carried out. It was found that the psyllid attack triggered the plant's defence by increasing the jasmonic acid content in the leaves. The psyllid attack caused anatomical changes in the leaves (such as cell non‐differentiation), allowing the insect to survive feeding on the plant. In addition, the psyllid‐induced galls provided shelter for the psyllid.

Direitos para esta edição cedidos à Atena Editora pelos autores. Open access publication by Atena Editora Todo o conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Atribuição-Não-Comercial-NãoDerivativos 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores, inclusive não representam necessariamente a posição oficial da Atena Editora. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.Todos os manuscritos foram previamente submetidos à avaliação cega pelos pares, membros do Conselho Editorial desta Editora, tendo sido aprovados para a publicação com base em critérios de neutralidade e imparcialidade acadêmica.A Atena Editora é comprometida em garantir a integridade editorial em todas as etapas do processo de publicação, evitando plágio, dados ou resultados fraudulentos e impedindo que interesses financeiros comprometam os padrões éticos da publicação. Situações suspeitas de má conduta científica serão investigadas sob o mais alto padrão de rigor acadêmico e ético.

Detritivorous arthropods are essential because they participate in recycling organic matter, decomposing pesticides, improving soil properties, conserving water, and reducing problems with plant diseases. Practices such as no-till and straw on soils can affect soil properties and populations of detritivorous arthropods. Brazil is the largest producer and consumer of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). Thus, this work aimed to determine the impact of no-till and straw planting on detritivorous arthropods on the "surface over ground" in common bean crops. In this way, common beans were cultivated in tillage and no-till with and without straw on the soil. During cultivation, the density of detritivorous arthropods on the soil was monitored using a pitfall trap. Sixteen morphospecies of detritivorous arthropods were observed on the surface of the ground. No-tillage and straw did not affect the number of detritivorous arthropod species. The most abundant morphospecies was the Collembola Entomobryidae and Hypogastrura sp. and the Coleoptera Scarabaeidae and Colopterus spp. No-till and straw positively affected the abundance of detritivorous arthropods. Therefore, no-tillage and straw in bean crops provide conditions for increasing detritivorous arthropod populations, improving soil properties.