The present study validates a large-eddy simulation from the viewpoint of the intermittency of a turbulence field for low-Reynolds-number anisotropic steady turbulence. Analyses based on implicit large-eddy simulation and the Vreman-model are validated. The results of the two analyses are compared with results obtained through direct numerical simulation. The mean value of the global turbulent kinetic energy obtained through the analysis based on the large-eddy simulation is consistent with that obtained through the present direct simulation. The frequency of large-scale vortex structures found in instantaneous fields and higher-order turbulence statistics are examined. The intermittency of the turbulent fields obtained through the implicit large-eddy simulation is higher than that obtained through the other analysis.

This study presents small-scale fluctuation characteristics of anisotropic steady turbulence reproduced by implicit large eddy simulation (LES). The Reynolds number dependence of this small-scale fluctuation characteristic is approached in this study. This study focuses on that, a small scale turbulence field is not needed to be isotropic if the Reynolds number is sufficiently high. The anisotropic steady turbulence is maintained steady by using the forcing terms in the governing equations. The results of the implicit LES are compared with those obtained by direct numerical simulation (DNS) and LES based on the Smagorinsky model. Spatial derivatives are discretized using a fourth-order central difference scheme that conserves the kinetic energy of the turbulence field. The governing equations are integrated for the temporal direction using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The results of enstrophy and small-scale turbulence characteristics quantified by the isotropy parameter are found to be consistent between the implicit LES and DNS.