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Background: In Colles' fracture closed reduction and POP cast application has been the mainstay of treatment, difficulty lies in predicting and maintaining the proper reduction due to dorsal communition of fracture. Percutaneous K-wire stabilization is also a widely accepted treatment option for continued maintenance of reduction till fracture union. But there is no consensus on its outcome in comparison to closed reduction and cast application. Objectives: To evaluate the results of closed reduction and cast application vs closed reduction with percutaneous K-Wire fixation in the treatment of the distal radius extra-articular fractures. Materials and methods:The study was conducted on 60 patients from September 2017 to April 2019 with extra-articular fractures of distal radius. The cases were randomly divided into two equal groups of 30 patients, group A and B, the first group treated by closed reduction and below elbow cast,while the second group were treated by closed reduction percutaneous K-wire application. The results of both groups were evaluated radiologically and functionally as per our protocol. Results: At 6 months postoperatively, according to Gartland and Werley, Group A we had 13(43%) excellent results, 9(30%) good results, 7(23%) fair results and 1(3%) poor results. In group B, 11(36%) excellent results, 13(43%) good results, 5 (16%) fair results and 1(3%) poor results. Our study demonstrates that there is no significant difference in the functional outcome obtained with closed reduction and cast versus closed reduction, K-wire fixation and cast. However, K-wire fixation plays a role in maintaining post-operative reduction and to achieve near normal anatomical union. Conclusion:Colles' fracture treated by percutaneous K-wire fixation along with below elbow cast provided additional stability and good radiological outcome in comparison to patients treated with closed reduction and below elbow cast alone. However, closed reduction and cast application alone gives same functional outcome as K-wire fixation.

Two types of flat slab are tested one having drop and another having no drop. Shape of openings-(circular, rectangular and square) having sizes of openings (500mm dia, 400mm x 500mm, 445mm x 445mm) respectively. Dimension of slab panel is (6000mmx 6000mm x 220mm) and the drop having size (3000mmx 3000mm). size of column – (500mmx 500mm). The provision of location of openings is at center of the slab panel. Software CSI Safe16 is used to analytically design and check the result. End result is based on punching shear value, deflection, Maximum shear force and maximum bending moment.

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