Heterorhabditisbacteriophora was isolated from the soil of citrus orchards in different localities of Latakia Governorate, Syria. Collected material was identified based on the morphometric and morphological characters. Internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) of five isolates was amplified using the PCR. Sequences of collected material have compared with available genetic data in the GeneBank. The identity of the collected material with the available sequence reached up to 99%. Phylogeny tree of the isolates inferred based on the ITS1 sequences of five Syrian isolates and some international sequences of the same and other related species using Steinernemafeltiae as an outgroup. Syrian isolates of H. bacteriophora grouped in the same clad with other related isolates of neighboring countries.