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<p style="text-align: justify;">While previous studies on assessments focused on measurement of principles and constructs, existing attention is given to content validation involving vocational education and skills. The emphasis on content validation has prompted a holistic perspective of teaching and learning to demand alternative research approaches. Using evidence of content validity based on expert judgment and assessment items, this paper argues that vocational knowledge and skills could be determined via constructs and construct functions. Content validity analysis was studied in two major phases, namely, through an assessment of an electrical technology course at a Malaysian higher education institution and expert panels’ examination of items. It was found that to increase confidence in providing reliable instruments for future empirical studies, a careful process in item development and content validity analysis was considered important. Therefore, applying these findings on item analysis and expert panels to reflect content validity can enhance the validity of assessment items.</p>

This study aimed to investigate the empirical evidence regarding the validity and reliability of a questionnaire on lifelong learning skills using Rasch Model Analysis in pilot study. There is purposive sampling applied in this pilot study. Seventy (n=70) respondents in service were enrolled in this study had completed the questionnaire. The content was validated by four experts in the field of Design and Technology (DNT). Data analysis was completed using WINSTEPS software version 3.69.1.11 whereby the findings revealed that the lifelong learning instruments possessed high reliability within five constructs. Based on the Person Reliability 0.98, and Item Reliability of 0.91 it was concluded that the instruments of lifelong learning skills are reliable and can be accepted. After being subjected to Rasch Model Analysis, there are thirty-five (35) items needed to be omitted while others were retained. It is hoped that by ensuring good reliability and validity of the instruments, researches will be able to adopt or adapt this quality instrument in their research. Thus, this study shows that the Rasch Measurement model can analyse the truth result, reliable, validate the good instruments, and proceed in their actual research.

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