No abstract

Intervention programs for improving timely referral and upgrading of hospitals are suggested.

The aim of this study was to examine the gender differential effects of eating habits and physical activity on overweight and obesity among school-aged adolescents in Bangladesh. Nationally representative data extracted from the 2014 Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) were utilized. The survey collected information related to physical and mental health from 2989 school-aged adolescents in Bangladesh. An exploratory data analysis and multivariate logistic regression model were employed in this study. Female adolescents were at a lower risk of being overweight or obese (AOR=0.573) than males, with a prevalence of 7.4% (males: 9.9%). The results showed that high consumption of vegetables (both: AOR=0.454; males: AOR=0.504; females: AOR=0.432), high soft drink consumption (both: AOR=2.357; males: AOR=2.929; females: AOR=1.677), high fast food consumption (both: AOR=2.777; males: AOR=6.064; females: AOR=1.695), sleep disturbance (both: AOR=0.675; males: AOR=0.590; females: AOR=0.555) and regular walking or cycling to school (both: AOR=0.472; males: AOR=0.430; females: AOR=0.557) were vital influencing factors for being overweight or obese among adolescents for both sexes. Sedentary activities during leisure time were also identified as significant predictors of being overweight or obese for males. Regular fruit and vegetable consumption, the avoidance of soft drinks and fast food, an increase in vigorous physical activity, regular attendance at physical education classes and fewer sedentary leisure time activities could all help reduce the risk of being overweight or obese for both sexes.

The three different methods of click reaction has been used to synthesize fluorene‐based click polymers and compared its effect on polymer electro‐optical properties as well as photovoltaic performances in DSSCs. The DSSCs devices with configuration of SnO2:F/TiO2/N719 dye/quasi‐solid‐state electrolyte/Pt devices were fabricated using these click polymers as a quasi‐solid‐state electrolyte components. Among the devices, the catalyzed click polymer composed DSSCs device exhibited high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.62% under AM 1.5G illumination. These click polymers are promising materials for device application and the CuI‐catalyst 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition click reaction is an efficient synthetic methodology.magnified image

Quasi-solid-state DSSCs in SnO(2):F/quasi-solid-state electrolyte/Pt devices have been fabricated with click polymers for the first time; they show a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.80%.